BEECH FAMILY. eg) 
3. Quercus Texana Buckley. Texan Red 
Oak. (Fig. 1230.) 
O. Texana Buckley, Proc. Phila. Acad. 1860: 444. 1860. 
A forest tree, similar to the preceding species and 
to QO. rubra, attaining a maximum height of about 
200° and a trunk diameter of 8°, usually smaller. 
Bark reddish-brown, with broad ridges broken into 
plates; leaves mostly obovate in outline, bright 
green and shining above, paler and with tufts of wool 
in the axils beneath, 2/-6’ long, truncate or broadly 
wedge-shaped at the base, deeply pinnatifid into 5-9 
oblong or triangular lobes, which are entire or coarsely 
few toothed, the lobes and teeth bristle-tipped; styles 
short; fruit maturing in the autumn of the second sea- 
son; cup deeply saucer-shaped, 5//-8’ broad, its scales 
obtusish or acute, appressed; acorn ovoid, 14/-1/ long, 
2-3 times as high as the cup. 
Southern Indiana to Iowa and Missouri, Florida and 
Texas. Wood hard, light red-brown; weight per cubic 
foot 57 lbs. April-May. Acorns ripe Sept.-Oct. 
4. Quercus coccinea Wang. Scarlet Oak. (Fig. 1231.) 
Quercus coccinea Wang. Amer. 44. pl. 4. f.9. 1787- 
A forest tree, attaining a maximum height of 
about 160°, the trunk diameter sometimes 5°; 
inner bark pale reddish or gray; foliage turning 
scarlet in autumn. Leaves deeply pinnatifid, 
glabrous, bright green and shining above, paler 
and sometimes pubescent in the axils of the 
veins beneath, 4/-S’ long, rather thin, the lobes 
oblong or lanceolate, divergent or ascending, 
few-toothed, the teeth and apices bristle-tipped; 
fruit maturing in the autumn of the second sea- 
son; styles slender, recurved-spreading; cup 
hemispheric or top-shaped, its bracts triangular- 
lanceolate, appressed or the upper slightly squar- 
rose, mostly glabrous; acorn ovoid or ovoid-glo- 
bose, 6’’—-10’’ high, about twice as long as the cup. 
In dry soil, Maine and Ontario to Minnesota, 
Florida and Missouri. Wood hard, strong, coarse- 
grained, light brown orred; weight 46 lbs. per cubic 
foot. May-June. Acorns ripe Sept.—Oct. 
5. Quercus velutina Lam. Black Oak. Quercitron. (Fig. 1232.) 
Quercus velutina Lam. Encycl. 1: 721. 1783. 
QO. tinctoria Bartram, Travels, 37. Name only. 1791. 
QO. coccinea var. tinctoria A. Gray, Man. Ed. 5, 454. 1867. 
A large forest tree, similar to QO. coccinea, maxi- 
mum height about 150°, trunk diameter 5°; outer 
bark very dark brown, rough in low ridges, the in- 
ner bright orange. Leaves pinnatifid or lobed to 
beyond the middle, firm, brown-pubescent or some- 
times stellate-pubescent when young, when mature 
glabrous and dark dull green above, pale green 
and usually pubescent on the veins beneath, the 
broad oblong or triangular-lanceolate lobes and 
their teeth bristle-tipped; fruit maturing in the 
autumn of the second season; cup hemispheric or 
top-shaped, commonly narrowed into a short stalk, 
its bracts mostly pubescent, the upper somewhat 
squarrose; acorn ovoid, 14/-1’ high, more or less 
longer than the cup. 
Maine to Ontario, Minnesota, Florida and Texas, 
Wood reddish-brown; weight per cubic foot 44 Ibs, 
May-June. 
