ELM FAMILY. 527 
2. Celtis Mississippiénsis Bose. Southern Hackberry. (Fig. 1256.) 
Celtis Mississtppiensis Bosc, Dict. Agric. 10: 
41. 1810. 
A tree, similar to the preceding species, 
but commonly smaller, the bark light gray, 
rough and warty. Leaves ovate or lanceo- 
late, firm, shining, entire or with a few low 
sharp teeth, 3-nerved and prominently pin- 
nately veined, glabrous on both sides, long- 
acuminate at the apex, inequilateral and 
obtuse or sometimes cordate at the base, 1/— 
3 long, %4’-114’ wide; peduncles mostly 
shorter than those of the preceding species; 
drupe globose, purple-black, 214//-3/’ in 
diameter. 
In dry soil, North Carolina to southern Illi- 
nois and Missouri, south to Florida and Texas. 
_ Probably intergrades with C. occidentalis. 
April. Fruit ripe July-Aug. 
Family 9. MORACEAE Lindl. Veg. Kingd. 266. 1847. 
MULBERRY FAMILY. 
Trees, shrubs or herbs, mostly with milky sap, alternate or opposite petioled 
stipulate leaves, and small monoecious or dioecious axillary clustered flowers, or 
the pistillate flowers solitary in some exotic genera. Calyx mostly 4—5-parted. 
Petals none. Staminate flowers panicled, spicate or capitate, the stamens as 
many as the calyx-segments. Filaments erect or inflexed inthe bud. Pistillate 
flowers capitate, spicate or cymose. Ovary superior, 1-celled in our genera. 
Ovule solitary, pendulous, anatropous. Styles 1 or 2. Fruit various. Embryo 
straight, curved or spiral. 
_ _About 55 genera and 925 species, natives of temperate and tropical regions, The largest genus 
is Ficus, the Fig, of which there are over 600 known species. 
‘Trees or shrubs; stipules fugacious. 
Staminate and pistillate flowers spiked; leaves dentate or lobed. 
Staminate flowers racemose or spiked; pistillate capitate. 
Pistillate perianth deeply 4-cleft; leaves entire. 
Pistillate perianth 3-4-toothed; leaves various. 
Erect or twining herbs; stipules persistent. 
Twining vines; pistillate flowers in ament-like clusters. 
Erect herb; pistillate flowers spicate. 
. Morus. 
I 
. Toxylon. 
. Broussonetia. 
. Humulus. 
. Cannabis. 
a> wh 
1. MORUS L, Spy Pie os6ss 17535 
Trees or shrubs, with milky sap, alternate dentate and often lobed, 3-nerved leaves, fuga- 
cious stipules, and small monoecious or dioecious flowers, in axillary ament-like spikes, the 
pistillate spikes ripening into a succulent aggregate fruit. Staminate flowers with a 4-parted 
perianth, its segments somewhat imbricated, and 4 stamens, the filaments inflexed in the 
bud, straightening and exserted in anthesis.  Pistillate flowers with a 4-parted persistent 
perianth, which becomes fleshy in fruit, a sessile ovary, and 2 linear spreading stigmas. 
Fruiting perianth enclosing the ripened ovary, the exocarp succulent, the endocarp crusta- 
ceous. Albumenscanty; embryocurved. [The ancient name of the mulberry; Celtic 7or. ] 
About 10 species, natives of the northern hemisphere. Besides the following, another occurs 
in the southwestern United States. 
Leaves rough above, pubescent beneath; fruit purple; spikes 1’-1%’ long. _ 1. rubra. 
Leaves smooth and glabrous, or very nearly so, on both sides; fruit nearly white; spikes 5''-7’’ long. 
2. WM. alba. 
34 
