540 ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. 
1. Aristolochia Serpentaria L. Virginia Snakeroot. Serpentary. (Fig.1281.) 
Aristolochia Serpentaria ¥,. Sp. Pl. 961. 1753. 
A perennial pubescent nearly erect herb, 10’-3° 
tall, with short rootstocks and fibrous aromatic 
roots. Leaves ovate, ovate-lanceolate or oblong- 
lanceolate, thin, green on both sides, acuminate at 
the apex, cordate or hastate at the base, 114’-5’ 
long, 14’-2’ wide; petioles }{’-1’ long; lowest 
leaves reduced to scales; flowers solitary and ter- 
minal, on slender basal scaly branches; tube of 
the calyx curved like the letter S, enlarged at the 
ovary and at its throat, the limb short, spreading, 
slightly 3-lobed; anthers contiguous in pairs; 
stigma 3-lobed; capsule subglobose, ridged, about 
144/in diameter. Flowers sometimes cleistogamous. 
In dry woods, Connecticut and New York to Michi- 
gan, Florida, Louisiana and Missouri. Ascends to 
2500 ft. in Virginia. June-July. Fruit ripe Sept. 
2. Aristolochia Clematitis L,. 
Birthwort. (Fig. 1282.) 
Aristolochia Clematitts I,. Sp. Pl. 962. 1753. 
Herbaceous, perennial; stem erect, gla- 
brous, zigzag, striate, 1°-2° tall. Leaves 
dark green, reniform, subacute or obtuse at 
the apex, glabrous or their margins mi- 
nutely spinulose-ciliate, strongly reticulate- 
veined, 2’—5’ wide; petioles shorter than the 
blades; flowers fascicled in the axils, 1/-114/ 
long; tube of the calyx yellowish green, 
straight, enlarged around the ovary, the 
lobes appendaged; anthers equidistant. 
Near Ithaca and Flushing, N. Y. Escaped 
from cultivation, Native of southern Europe. 
Summer. 
3. Aristolochia macrophylla Lam. Dutchman’s Pipe. (Fig. 1283.) 
Aristolochia macrophylla Lam. Encycl. 1: 255. 1783. 
Aristolochia Sipho 1, Her. Stirp. Nov. 13. 1784. 
A twining vine, the stem sometimes 1’ in diame- 
ter and 30° long, the branches very slender, terete, 
green, glabrous. Leaves thin, broadly reniform 
or suborbicular, densely pubescent beneath when 
young, glabrous or nearly so and 6’-15’ broad 
when mature; petioles slender, 1/-4’ long; pedun- 
cles solitary or 2 or 3 together in the axils, about 
as long as the petioles, each with a suborbicular 
clasping bract at about the middle %4’—-1/ in dia- 
meter; calyx-tube strongly curved, I’ or more 
long, inflated above the ovary, contracted at the 
throat, yellowish-green, veiny, the limb flat, 
spreading, purple-brown, somewhat 3-lobed; an- 
thers contiguous in pairs under the 3 lobes of the 
stigma; capsule oblong-cylindric, strongly parallel- 
nerved, 2’—-3/ long, 8’/-10’’ in diameter. 
In rich woods, southern Pennsylvania to Minne- 
sota, Georgia, Tennessee and Kansas. _Ascends to 
4500 ft. in Virginia. May-June. Fruit ripe Sept. 
