CARYOPHYLLACEAE. [Von. IL. 
1. Saponaria officinalis L. Soapwort. Bouncing 
Bet. Hedge Pink. Bruise-wort. (Fig. 1466.) 
Saponaria officinalis I,. Sp. Pl. 408. 1753. 
Perennial, glabrous, erect, stout, sparingly branched, leafy, 
1°-2° high. Leaves ovate or oval, 2’-3’ long, about 1’ wide, 
strongly 3-5-ribbed, acute, narrowed at the base into a 
broad short petiole; flowers pink or whitish, about 1/ broad, 
in dense terminal corymbs, with numerous small lanceolate 
bracts or floral leaves; calyx tubular, 8/’-10’’ long, faintly 
nerved, 5-toothed; petals obcordate with a scale at the base 
of the blade; pod narrowly oblong, shorter than the calyx. 
Roadsides and waste places, common in most districts and es- 
caped from gardens, spreading by underground stolons. Natu- 
ralized from Europe. Flowers sometimes double. Summer. 
Called also Fuller’s-herb, Old Maid’s Pink and Sheepweed. 
8. VACCARIA Medic. Phil. Bot. 1:96. 1789. 
Annual glabrous and glaucous erect dichotomously branching herbs, with clasping ovate 
or ovate-lanceolate acute leaves, and rather small red or pink slender-pedicelled flowers in 
terminal cymes. Calyx cylindric in flower, becoming sharply 5-angled and inflated in fruit, 
5-toothed, not bracted at the base. Petals much longer than the calyx, not appendaged. 
Stamens to. Styles 2. Capsule 4-toothed. Seeds laterally attached; embryo curved. 
{Latin, cow, in allusion to its value for fodder. ] 
About 3 species, natives of Europe and Asia. 
1. Vaccaria Vaccaria (L.) Britton. 
Cow-herb. (Fig. 1467.) 
Saponaria Vaccaria ¥,. Sp. Pl. 409. 1753. 
Vaccaria vulgaris Host, Fl. Aust. 1: 518. 1827. 
Branching above, 1°-3° high. Leaves lanceo- 
late or ovate-lanceolate, 1/-3’ long, 14/-1’ wide, 
acute, connate at the base; flowers pale red, 3//— 
4’ broad, borne in loose corymbose cymes; 
calyx oblong or ovate, 5’’-7’’ long, 5-ribbed, 
much inflated and wing-angled in fruit; petals 
crenulate, with no scale at the base of the blade. 
In waste places, Ontario to British Columbia, 
south to Floridaand Louisiana. Locally abundant. 
Also in the Rocky Mountain region. Naturalized 
or adventive from Europe. June—Aug. 
g. DIANTHUS L. Sp. Pl. goo. 1753. 
Stiff perennial (rarely annual) herbs, mainly with narrow leaves. Flowers terminal, 
solitary or cymose-paniculate, generally purple. Calyx 5-toothed, finely and equally many- 
striate, tubular, several-bracted at the base. Petals 5, long-clawed, dentate or crenate. 
Stamens io. Styles 2. Ovary 1-celled, stipitate. Capsule cylindric or oblong, stalked, de- 
hiscent by 4 or 5 short teeth at the summit. Seeds compressed, laterally attached. Embryo 
straight, excentric. [Greek, the flower of Jove. ] 
Species about 200, natives of the Old World; one of Siberia extending into arctic America. 
Annuals; flowers clustered. 
Bracts broad, scarious. 1. D. prolifer. 
Bracts narrow, herbaceous, long-pointed. 2. D. Armeria. 
Perennials. 
Flowers solitary; leaves linear, short. 3. D. deltordes. 
Flowers clustered; leaves lanceolate. 4. D. barbatus. 
