Vor. II.] CROWFOOT FAMILY. 65 
g. Anemone trifolia L. Mountain Anemone. (Fig. 1577.) 
Anemone trifolia I. Sp. Pl. 540. 1753. 
Anemone lanctfolia Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 387. 
1814. 
Stout, 6’-16/ tall, nearly glabrous through- 
out. Basal leaves mostly 3-divided (some- 
times 4-5-divided), long-petioled, dentate, 
often somewhat lobed; involucral leaves 
stout, petioled, 3-parted, the divisions oblong- 
lanceolate, acute or acuminate at the apex, 
dentate, often slightly lobed, 1/-3’ long; 
flower solitary, white, 1/-1%4’ broad when 
expanded; peduncles 1/—4’ long; sepals ob- 
long; head of fruit globose, 5/’-6’” in dia- 
meter; achenes 10-20, oblong, finely pubes- 
cent, tipped with the hooked style. 
Southern Pennsylvania, southwestern Vir- 
ginia and North Carolina, chiefly in the moun- 
tains; in Virginia usually in company with the 
Lily-of-the-Valley. Also in the south Austrian 
Alps and the mountains of northern Italy. 
May. 
15. HEPATICA Scop. Fl. Carn. 567. 1760. 
Perennial scapose herbs, with long-petioled thick 3-lobed evergreen basal leaves, and 
large white or purple flowers, solitary on slender scapes. Involucre of 3 small sessile leaves 
close under the flowers, simulating a calyx. Sepals membranous, petal-like. Stamens all 
anther-bearing. Achenes short-beaked, pubescent. [Name ancient, from the supposed re- 
semblance of the leaves to the liver. ] 
A genus of about 4 species, natives of the north temperate zone. Only the following are known 
from North America. 
Lobes of the leaves rounded or obtuse. 1. H. Hepatica. 
Lobes of the leaves acute. 2. H. acuta, 
1. Hepatica Hepatica (L.) Karst. Round-lobed or Kidney Liver-leaf. 
Noble Liverwort. (Fig. 1578.) 
Anemone Hepatica I,. Sp. Pl. 538. 1753. 
Hepatica triloba Chaix in Vill. Hist. Pl. 
Dauph. 1: 336. 1786. 
Hepatica Hepatica Karst. Deutsch. FI. 
559. 1880-83. 
Scapes 4/-6’ high, villous; roots fi- 
brous. Leaves long-petioled, reniform, 
2/-2%’ broad when mature, spreading 
on the ground, 3-lobed, and the lobes 
sometimes toothed or again lobed, ob- 
tuse; involucre of 3 sessile obtuse ob- 
long leaves immediately under the 
flower; flowers blue, purple or white, 
6/’-10’’ broad; sepals oval or oblong, ob- 
tuse, longer than the stamens; achenes 
several, 2’’ long, oblong, acute, hairy. 
In woods, often in large tufts, Nova 
Scotia to northern Florida, west to Mani- 
toba, lowa and Missouri. Ascends to 2600 
ft. in Virginia. Also in Europe and Asia. 
Dec.—May. 
