108 PAPAVERACEAE. [Vor II. 
10, FUMARIA L. Sp. Pl. 699.1753. 
Diffuse or erect (sometimes climbing) herbs, with finely dissected leaves, and small race- 
mose flowers. Sepals2, scale-like. Petals 4, erect-connivent, the outer pair larger, 1 of them 
spurred, the inner narrow, coherent at the apex, keeled or crested on the back. Stamens 6, 
diadelphous, opposite the outer petals. Ovule 1; style slender; stigma entire or lobed. 
Fruit 1-seeded, nearly globose, indehiscent. [Name from the Latin, smoke, from the smoke- 
like smell of some species. ] 
About 15 species, all natives of the Old World. 
1. Fumaria officinalis L. Fumitory. 
Hedge Fumitory. (Fig. 1680.) 
Fumaria officinalis U. Sp. Pl. 700. 1753. 
Glabrous, stems diffuse or ascending, freely 
branching, 6’-3° long. Leaves petioled, finely 
dissected into entire or lobed linear oblong or 
cuneate segments; racemes axillary and terminal, 
1/-3/ long, narrow; pedicels 1/’—2’’ long, axillary 
to small bracts; flowers purplish, 2//-3’’ long, 
darker at the summit; spur rounded, %’’ long; 
nut 1/’ in diameter, depressed-globose. 
In waste places and on ballast, occasional about 
towns and villages, Nova Scotia to Florida and the 
Gulf States, and locally in the interior. Fugitive or 
adventive from Europe. Summer. 
Fumaria parviflora Lam., found on ballast about 
the seaports, may be distinguished by its still 
smaller paler flowers (2'’), very narrow sharp and 
channeled leaf-segments, and its apiculate nut. 
Family 32. CRUCIFERAE B. Juss. Hort. Trian. 1759. 
MustaRD FAMILY. 
Herbs, rarely somewhat woody, with watery acrid sap, alternate leaves, and 
racemose or corymbose flowers. Sepals 4, deciduous, or rarely persistent, the 
2 outer narrow, the inner similar, or concave, or saccate at the base. Petals 
4, hypogynous, cruciate, nearly equal, generally clawed. Stamens 6, hypogy- 
nous, tetradynamous, rarely fewer. Pistil 1, compound, consisting of 2 united 
carpels, the parietal placentae united by a dissepiment; style generally persis- 
tent, sometimes none; stigma discoid or usually more or less 2-lobed. Fruit a 
silique or silicle, generally 2-celled, rarely 1-celled, in a few genera indehiscent 
and lomentaceous. Seeds attached to both sides of the septum; endosperm 
none; cotyledons incumbent, accumbent or conduplicate. 
About 185 genera and 1500 species, of wide geographic distribution. 
The following wholly artificial key is designed to apply only to the species and genera of our 
Flora. The natural alliances of the genera are largely based on minute characters. The family is 
also known as BRASSICACEAE. 
* Pod a silique or silicle, dehiscent into two valves to the base. 
+ Pod an elongated-linear silique, or at least twice as long as wide. (See also species of No. 29.) 
1. Silique borne on a long stipe. 1. Stanleya. 
2. Silique terete, 4-sided, or compressed, very short-stipitate, or sessile on the receptacle. 
a. Silique tipped with the short slender style, or style none. 
Seeds globose or oblong, wingless. 
Seeds in 2 rows in each cell of the pod. 
Pubescence, when present, of simple hairs. 17. Rortpa. 
Pubescence of forked hairs; leaves finely dissected. 30. Sophia. 
Seeds in only 1 row in each cell. 
Leaves auricled at the base; flowers violet. 16. Jodanthus. 
Leaves reniform or cordate, undulate or repand; flowers white. 8. Alliaria. 
Leaves dentate or pinnatifid; hairs simple; flowers yellow. 9. Sisyvmbrium. 
Leaves finely dissected; pubescence of forked hairs; flowers yellow. 30. Sophia. 
Leaves entire, or slightly toothed. 
Stigma nearly entire, discoid; plant glabrous. 2. Thelypodium. 
Stigma 2-lobed; plants more or less pubescent. 
Flowers w hite or pink, small. 
Valves of the silique nerved. 9. Sisymbrium. 
Valves of the silique nerveless, rounded. 31. Stenophragma. 
Flowers yellow. 33. Erystmum., 
Flowers large, purple, purplish or white. 37. Hesperis. 
Seeds flat, wingless or winged. 
Siliques 4-angled, the valves keeled; flowers yellow. 15. Barbarea. 
Siliques flat or flattish. 
