118 CRUCIFERAE. (Vou. II. 
12. BRASSICA L,. Sp. Pl666.5 0753: 
Erect branching annual biennial or perennial herbs, with pinnatifid basal leaves, those 
of the stem dentate or often nearly entire, and showy yellow flowers in elongated racemes. 
Siliques elongated, sessile, terete or 4-sided, tipped with an indehiscent conic usually I- 
seeded beak. Valves convex, 1-3-nerved. Stigma truncate or 2-lobed. Seeds in 1 rowin 
each cell, oblong, marginless; cotyledons conduplicate. [Latin name of the Cabbage. ] 
A genus of about 80 species, natives of Europe, Asia and northern Africa. 
None of the leaves clasping the stem, the upper sessile. 
Pods slender, %'-1' long, appressed. 1. B. nigra. 
Pods rather slender, 1/-2' long, erect, not appressed, on slender pedicels 3''-5'’ long. 
2. B. juncea. 
Pods spreading or ascending at maturity, on stout pedicels 2'’-3'’ long. 3. B. Sinapistrum. 
Upper leaves clasping by an auricled base. 4. B. campestris. 
1. Brassica nigra (L.) Koch. Black Mustard. (Fig. 1701.) 
Sinapts nigra I,. Sp. Pl. 668. 1753. 
Brassica nigra Koch, in Roehl, Deutsche 
Fl. Ed. 3, 4:713. 1833. 
Erect, 2°-7° high, freely and widely 
branching, pubescent or glabrate. Lower 
leaves slender-petioled, deeply pinnatifid, 
with 1 terminal large lobe and 2-4 smaller 
lateral ones, dentate all around; upper 
leaves shorter-petioled or sessile, pinnati- 
fid or dentate, the uppermost reduced to 
lanceolate or oblong entire blades; flowers 
bright yellow, 3/’-5’” broad; pedicels slen- 
der, appressed, 2’ long in fruit; pods nar- 
rowly linear, 4-sided, 5’’-7’" long, 4” 
wide, appressed against the stems and 
forming very narrow racemes; beak slen- 
der, 1//-2/’ long; seeds dark brown. 
In fields and waste places, common 
throughout our area. Naturalized from Eu- 
trope. Native also of central Asia. June—-Nov. 
2. Brassica jancea (L,.) Cosson. 
Indian Mustard. (Fig. 1702.) 
Sinapts juncea V,. Sp. Pl. 668. 1753- 
Brassica juncea Cosson, Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 
6: 609. 1859. 
Annual, pale, glabrous, or slightly pubescent, 
somewhat glaucous, stem erect, usually stout, 
1°-4° tall. Lower leaves runcinate-pinnatifid 
and dentate, long-petioled, 4’-6’ long, the 
uppermost sessile or nearly so, lanceolate or 
linear, commonly entire, much smaller; flow- 
ers 6//-9’’ wide; fruiting racemes sometimes 
1° long; pods erect or nearly so, on slender 
ascending pedicels 3’’-5’’ long, not appressed 
to the axis, 1/-2’ long, rather more than 1/’ 
wide, the conic-subulate empty beak one- 
fourth to one-third the length of the body. 
In waste places, New Hampshire and Penn- 
sylvania to Michigan and Virginia. Adventive 
or naturalized from Asia. Also introduced into 
the West Indies and South America. May-July. 
