Vo. II.] MUSTARD FAMILY. 121 
1. Raphanus Raphanistrum I, Wild Radish. Jointed or White Charlock. 
(Fig. 1707.) 
Raphanus Raphanistrum \,. Sp. Pl. 669. 1753. 
Biennial or annual, erect or ascending 
from a slender root, freely branching, 1°- 
214° high, sparsely pubescent with stiff 
hairs especially below, or rarely glabrous 
throughout. Basal and lower leaves 
deeply lyrate-pinnatifid, 4/-S’ long, with a 
large terminal lobe and 4-6 pairs of succes- 
sively smaller lateral ones, all crenate or 
dentate; upper leaves few, small, oblong; 
flowers 6’’-9’’ broad, yellow, fading to 
white, purplish-veined; pedicels 3//-8/’’ 
long in fruit; pods 1/-1%’ long, 6-10 
seeded, nearly cylindric when fresh, con- 
stricted between the seeds when dry, longi- 
tudinally grooved, tipped with a conic 
beak 5//-10’ long. 
In fields and waste places, Pennsylvania to 
Ontario and New Brunswick. Often a trou- 
blesome weed. Introduced also in British 
Columbia. Naturalized from Europe. Native 
also of northern Asia. Rarely the flowers are 
purplish throughout. Erroneously called 
Rape. Summer. 
2. Raphanus sativus LL. 
Garden Radish. (Fig. 1708.): 
Raphanus sativus Y,. Sp. Pl. 669. 1753. 
Similar to the last, but flowers pink or 
white. Root deep, fusiform or napi- 
form, fleshy. Pods fleshy, 2~-3-seeded, 
not longitudinally grooved, often 
equalled or exceeded by the long conic 
beak. 
Cultivated and occasionally spontaneous 
for a year or two in gardens or fields, rarely 
in waste places. Native of Asia. June- 
Oct. 
15. BARBAREA RB. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. Ed. 2A OOu a DSr2: 
Erect glabrous biennial or perennial branching herbs, with angled stems, pinnatifid 
leaves, and racemose yellow flowers. Stamens 6. Silique elongated, linear, 4-angled. Valves 
keeled or ribbed. Style short. Stigma 2-lobed or nearly capitate. Seeds in 1 row in each 
cell, flat, oblong, marginless; cotyledons accumbent. [Name from St. Barbara, to whom 
the plant was anciently dedicated. ] 
A genus of about 6 species, natives of the temperate zones. 
Pods obtusely 4-angled, slender-pedicelled; leaf-segments 1-4 pairs. 
Pods divergent or ascending. 1. B. Barbarea, 
Pods erect, appressed. 2. B. stricta. 
Pods sharply 4-angled, stout-pedicelled; leaf-segments 4-8 pairs. 3. B. praecox, 
