192 GROSSULARIACEAE. [Vou. II. 
13. Ribes atreum Pursh. Golden, Buffalo or Missouri Currant. (Fig.1877. ) 
Ribes aureum Pursh, Fl, Amer. Sept. 164. 1814. 
Unarmed. Petioles rather slender, pubescent, at 
least when young; leaves convolute in the bud, 
pubescent and ciliate, or at length glabrous, often 
broader than long, thick, 3-lobed or sometimes 5- 
lobed, broadly cuneate or truncate at the base, the 
lobes obtuse, few-toothed or entire; racemes leafy- 
bracted, few-flowered; flowers bright yellow, spicy- 
scented, 6’’-12’’ long; calyx-tube cylindric, gla- 
brous, 3-4 times as long as the oval spreading lobes; 
stamens slightly exserted; fruit yellow, becoming 
black, glabrous, 3/’-5’’ in diameter. 
Along streams, Minnesota to Missouri and Texas, west 
to California, Oregon and the Northwest Territory. 
Common in cultivation. April-May. 
Ribes atreum chrysococcum Rydb. Fl. Neb. 21: 71. 1895, 
is a form with the fruit yellow when mature, found in 
western Nebraska. 
Family 41. HAMAMELIDACEAE Lindl. Veg. Kingd. 784. 1847. 
WitcH HAZEL FAMILY. 
‘Trees or shrubs, with alternate petioled simple leaves, and perfect or poly- 
gamous flowers, variously clustered. Perianth often imperfect, or sometimes 
none. Calyx-tube, when present, more or less adnate to the ovary, its limb 
truncate or 5-lobed. Petals, when present, 4-~, perigynous. Stamens 4-~, 
perigynous; filaments distinct. Disk circular or none. Ovary compound, of 2 
carpels united below, 2-celled; styles 2, subulate, erect or recurved; ovules 1-~. 
Fruit a 2-celled 2-beaked woody or cartilaginous capsule, dehiscent at the sum- 
mit. Seeds 1-several, anatropous; embryo large; endosperm scanty. 
About 15 genera and 35 species, natives of North America, Asia and South Africa. 
Ovules 1 in each cell; flowers perfect or polygamous; shrubs or small trees; fruit not spiny. 
Flowers white, in catkin-like spikes; petals none. 1. Fothergilla. 
Flowers yellow, in axillary clusters; petals long. 2. Hamamelis. 
Ovules several in each cell; flowers monoecious; large trees; fruit globular, spiny. 3. Liguidambar. 
1. FOTHERGILLA Murr. Syst. Veg. 418. 1774. 
Shrubs, the foliage somewhat stellate-pubescent. Leaves alternate, obovate. Flowers 
perfect, or often polygamous (sometimes monoecious) in catkin-like bracted terminal spikes, 
appearing a little before the leaves. Calyx campanulate, slightly 5-7-lobed. Petals none. 
Stamens about 24, inserted on the edge of the calyx; anthers subglobose. Ovary 2-celled; 
styles slender; ovules 1 ineach cell. Capsule cartilaginous, 2-celled, 2-seeded. Seeds bony, 
pendulous. [Named for Dr. John Fothergill 1712-1780, an English naturalist. ] 
A monotypic genus of eastern North America. 
1. Fothergilla Carolina (L.) Britton. 
Fothergilla. (Fig. 1878.) 
Hamamelis Virginiana Carolina 1, Mant. 333. 
Fothergilla alnifolta ¥,. f. Suppl. 267. 1781. 
F. Carolina Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 180. 1894. 
A shrub, 2°-5° high, the young twigs densely 
stellate-pubescent. Leaves short-petioled, 2/— 
3’ long, obovate or broadly oval, obtuse or 
short-pointed at the apex, rounded or narrowed 
at the base, usually inequilateral, coarsely den- 
tate-crenate above the middle, or entire, more or 
less stellate-pubescent; spikes dense, erect, 1/— 
2’ long; bracts densely pubescent, the lower 
ones sometimes lobed; stamens white or pink- 
ish, 2’’-4’’ long; capsule very pubescent. 
In wet grounds, Virginia to Georgia. April. 
