198 ROSACEAE. (Von. II 
1. Porteranthus trifoliatus (L,.) Brit- 
ton. Indian Physic. Bowman’s- 
root. (Fig. 1888.) 
Spiraea trifoliata I,. Sp. Pl. 490. 1753. 
Gillenia trifoliata Moench, Meth. Suppl. 286. 1802. 
Porteranthus trifoliatus Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 
5: 115. 1894. 
Herbaceous from a perennial root, erect, 
branching, 2°-4° high, glabrous or somewhat 
pubescent. Stipules subulate, 2’’-4’’ long, en- 
tire or serrate; leaflets short stalked, oval, ovate, 
lanceolate or slightly obovate, acuminate at the 
apex, narrowed at the base, 2/—3/ long, irregu- 
larly serrate; upper leaves often 3-lobed, or some- 
times merely serrate; panicles few-flowered; 
pedicels slender; petals white or pinkish, 5//-6’’ 
long; calyx reddish; pods pubescent, subulate- 
tipped, little exceeding the calyx. 
Woodlands, New York to Michigan, Georgia and 
Missouri. Ascends to 4500 ft. in North Carolina. 
Stipules rarely larger, lanceolate. May-July. 
2. Porteranthus stipulatus (Muhl.) 
Britton. American Ipecac. 
(Fig. 1889.) 
Spiraea stipulata Muhl.; Willd. Enum. 542. 1809. 
Gillenia stipulacea Nutt. Gen. 1: 307. 1818. 
Porteranthus stipulatus Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 
5: 115. 1894. 
Resembling the preceding species, but gener- 
ally more pubescent. Stipules foliaceous, broad, 
ovate, acuminate or acute, 4’’-12’’ long, sharply 
incised-serrate; leaflets commonly narrower 
than those of the preceding, incised-serrate, or 
those of the lower leaves deeply pinnatifid; flow- 
ers commonly fewer and slightly smaller; pods 
less pubescent or sometimes quite glabrous. 
In woods, western New York to Indiana and 
Kansas, south to Alabama, Louisiana and the 
Indian Territory. June-July. 
5. RUBUS L,. Sp. Pl. 492.1753. 
Perennial herbs, shrubs or trailing vines, often prickly, with alternate simple lobed or 
3-7-foliolate leaves, the stipules adnate to the petiole. Flowers terminal or axillary, solitary, 
racemose or panicled, white, pink or purple, perfect or sometimes dioecious. Calyx persis- 
tent, not bracted, deeply 5-parted, its tube short and broad. Petals 5, deciduous. Stamens 
#, usually numerous, inserted on the calyx, distinct. Carpels », rarely few, inserted on a 
convex or elongated receptacle, ripening into drupelets and forming an aggregate fruit. 
Ovules 2, one abortive. Style nearly terminal, slender. Seed pendulous. [The ancient 
name of the bramble, from 7#der, red. ] 
About 250 species, of wide geographic distribution, most abundant in the north temperate zone. 
Besides the following, some ro others occur in North America beyond ourarea, The stems of many 
species are biennial. 
Leaves simple, crenate or palmately lobed. 
Shrubby, 2°-5° high, branched; flowers corymbose, 
Flowers numerous, red-purple. 1. R. odoratus. 
Flowers few, white; western. 2. = parviflorus. 
3 RC 
Herbaceous, 3'-9' high, simple; flowers solitary, white. Thamaemorus. 
3 g p ) 
