Vor. IIl.] ROSE FAMILY. 219 
1. Geum rivale L. Purple or Water Avens. (Fig. 1940.) 
Geum rivale Yl. Sp. Pl. 501. 1753- 
Erect, simple or nearly so, pubescent, 1°-3° 
high. Basal leaves lyrately and interruptedly pin- 
nate, petioled, the lateral segments generally few 
and small, the terminal 1-3, much larger, all sharply 
and irregularly lobed and dentate; stem-leaves dis- 
tant, short-petioled or sessile, simple, or 3-foliolate; 
flowers few, terminal, purple, nodding, 9//-12/’ 
broad; petals obovate, emarginate, abruptly nar- 
rowed into a claw; calyx-lobes spreading, purple; 
head of fruit stalked in the calyx; achenes very 
pubescent; style jointed, plumose below, 3//-4’’ 
long. 
In swamps and low grounds, Newfoundland to Brit- 
ish Columbia, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Missouri and 
Colorado. Also in northern Europe and Asia. May-— 
July. 
2. Geum radiatum Michx. Yellow Moun- 
tain Avens. (Fig. 1941.) 
Geum radiatum Michx. F1. Bor. Amer. I: 300, 1803. 
Geum Peckti Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 352. 1814. 
Geum radiatum var. Peckit A. Gray, Man, Ed. 2, 117. 
1856. 
Pubescent with spreading hairs, or glabrate, stem 
6/—2° high, erect, simple, 1-8-flowered at the summit. 
Basal leaves tufted, petioled, lyrately pinnate, the 
terminal segment very large, reniform-orbicular, 
sharply and irregularly dentate and slightly 3-5- 
lobed, 3/—6’ broad; lateral leaflets few or none; flow- 
ers yellow, 6//-12/’ broad; bractlets of the calyx 
much shorter than the erect lanceolate calyx-lobes; 
petals obovate, often emarginate, spreading; style 
filiform, plumose below, naked above, 6’’-8’’ long, 
not jointed. 
White Mountains of New Hampshire; Mt. Kineo, 
Maine, and on the high mountains of North Carolina. 
July—Aug. 
3. Geum ciliatum Pursh. Long-plumed 
Purple Avens. (Fig. 1942.) 
Geum ciliatum Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 352. 1814. 
Geum triflorum Pursh, loc. cit. 736. 1814. 
Softly pubescent with short or spreading hairs, sca- 
pose; scape 6’-18/ high, simple, 3-8-flowered at the 
summit. Basal leaves tufted, petioled, interruptedly 
pinnate with many small leaflets interspersed among 
the obovate or oval laciniate numerous larger ones; 
leaves of the scape 2 opposite small sessile pairs, the 
elongated peduncles commonly bearing another simi- 
lar pair; flowers light purple, 6’’-9’’ broad; bractlets 
linear, slightly exceeding the purple lanceolate acute 
erect calyx-lobes; head of fruit sessile; style filiform, 
1/-2/ long and strongly plumose throughout in fruit, 
not jointed. 
In dry or rocky soil, Labrador, northern New England 
and New York to British Columbia, south to Missouri, 
and in the Rocky Mountains to Arizona. May-July. 
