232 ROSACEAE. (Vou. Il. 
9g. Rosa canina 1. Dog Rose. Canker 
Rose. Wild Brier. (Fig. 1973.) 
Rosa canina J,. Sp. Pl. 491. 1753. 
Branches erect or straggling, sometimes 10° long, 
armed with stout short hooked spines, not bristly 
but sometimes glandular. Stipules broad, glandular; 
leaflets 5-7, ovate or oval, rather thick, generally ob- 
tuse at each end, usually simply and sharply serrate, 
sometimes pubescent beneath, glabrous or nearly so 
above, 1/-1}4’ long; flowers solitary or few, pink vary- 
ing to white; sepals much lobed, lanceolate, reflexed, 
deciduous; styles distinct; fruit long-ovoid, 6//-9/’ 
long, usually glabrous. 
In waste places, especially along roadsides, Nova Scotia 
western New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania; abundant 
in the valley of the Delaware. Alsoin Tennessee. Natur- 
alized or adventive from Europe; native also in northern 
Asia. Called also Cat-whin and Canker-blooms (Shaks- 
pere). June-July. 
i 
10. Rosa rubiginésa L. Sweetbrier. (Fig. 1974.) 
Rosa rubiginosa I, Mant. 2: 564. 1771. 
Rosa micrantha J. E. Smith, Eng. Bot. fl. 2490. 
Rosa eglanteria Mill. Dict. Ed. 8, no. 4. 1768. Not lL. 1753. 
Slender, 4°-6° high, or often forming longer wands, 
armed with stout recurved spines. Stipules rather broad; 
leaflets 5-7, similar to those of the preceding species in out- 
line, but generally doubly serrate and densely glandular- 
pubescent and resinous beneath, very aromatic; flowers 
pink varying to white; sepals lanceolate, usually much 
lobed, spreading, deciduous, glandular-hispid; fruit oval 
or ovoid, 6’’-10’’ long. 
In waste places, Nova Scotia to Ontario, Tennessee and 
Virginia. Adventive or naturalized from Europe; native alsoin 
central Asia. June-July. The Eglantine of Chaucer, Spenser 
and Shakspere. 
Rosa cinnamomea I,., the Cinnamon Rose, with small"double 
reddish flowers, and leaves downy-pubescent beneath, is occa- 
sionally found along roadsides in the Middle States. 
Family 44. POMACEAE L. Ord. Nat. 1764. 
APPLE FAMILY. 
Trees or shrubs, with alternate pinnately veined or pinnate petioled leaves, 
the small deciduous stipules free from the petiole. Flowers regular, perfect, 
racemed, cymose or solitary. Calyx superior, mostly 5-toothed or 5-lobed, its 
tube adnate to theovary. Petals mostly 5, usually clawed. Stamens numerous 
or rarely few, distinct; anthers small, 2-celled, the sacs longitudinally dehiscent. 
Ovary 1-5-celled, usually 5-celled, composed of 1-5 wholly or partly united 
carpels; ovules 1-2 (rarely several) in each carpel, anatropous, ascending; styles 
1-5; stigma small. Fruit a more or less fleshy pome, consisting of the thick- 
ened calyx-tube enclosing the bony papery or leathery carpels. Endosperm 
none; cotyledons fleshy. 
About 20 genera and 225 species, of wide geographic distribution. 
Ripe carpels papery or leathery. 
Leaves pinnate. 1. Sorbus. 
Leaves simple, entire, toothed, or lobed. 
Cavities of the ovary (carpels) as many as the styles. 
Flesh of the pome with grit-cells. 2, Pyrus. 
Flesh of the pome without grit-cells. 
Cymes simple; trees. 3. Malus. 
Cymes compound; low shrubs. . 4. Aronia. 
Cavities of the ovary becoming twice as many as the styles. 5. Amelanchier. 
Ripe carpels bony. ‘ 
Ovule 1 in each carpel, or if 2, dissimilar. 6. Cralaegus. 
Ovules 2 in each carpel, alike. 7. Cotoneaster. 
