234 POMACEAE. [Vor Il. 
1. Pyrus communis L. Pear. Choke Pear. (Fig. 1977.) 
° Pyrus communis I. Sp. Pl. 479. 1753+ 
A tree, sometimes 60° high and with a trunk 
2°-3° in diameter, commonly much smaller, the 
branches usually thorny. Leaves ovate, elliptic 
or obovate, finely serrulate or entire, slender- 
petioled, 114’-3’ long, downy and ciliate when 
young, becoming glabrous or nearly so when 
old, the apex acute or acuminate, the base usu- 
ally rounded; petioles sometimes as long as the 
blades or longer; cymes few-several-flowered, 
borne at the ends of short twigs of the preced- 
ing year; pedicels 9’/—2’ long, at first downy; 
flowers white, 1/-2’ broad; calyx-lobes about as 
long as the tube; styles distinct to the base; 
pome, in the wild form, seldom over 2’ long, in 
the numerous cultivated forms often much larger. 
In thickets and woods, Maine to New York, New 
Jersey and Pennsylvania, escaped from cultivation. 
Native of Europe and Asia. Wood hard, fine- 
grained, reddish-brown; weight per cubic foot 51 
lbs. April-May. 
3. MALUS Juss. Gen. 334. 1789. 
Trees or shrubs, with alternate toothed or lobed leaves, and showy pink or white flowers 
in simple terminal cymes, Calyx-tube urn-shaped or campanulate, 5-lobed. Petals 5, 
rounded, clawed. Styles 2-5 (usually 5), united at the base; ovules 2 in each cavity, carpels 
papery or leathery. Fruit a pome, usually depressed-globose, mostly hollowed at the base, 
but sometimes rounded, its flesh not containing grit-cells. [Greek, apple.] 
About 15 species, natives of the north temperate zone. Besides the following, another occurs 
in northwestern America. 
Leaves glabrous, at least when mature. 
Leaves ovate-lanceolate, narrowed at the base. 1. M. angustifolia. 
Leaves ovate, cordate or rounded at the base. 2. M. coronaria. 
Leaves persistently pubescent or tomentose beneath. 
Leaves mostly narrowed at the base; pome 1/~1's’ in diameter. 
Pedicels slender, 1'-1'%' long. 3. M. TIoensis. 
Pedicels stout, 6’’-12'’ long. 4. M. Soulardi. 
Leaves rounded or subcordate at the base; pome 2'-4’ in diameter. 5. M. Malus. 
1. Malus angustifolia (Ait.) Michx. Narrow-leaved Crab Apple. 
(Fig. 1978.) 
Pyrus angustifolia Ait. Hort. Kew. 2:176. 1789. 
Malus angustifolia Michx. F1. Bor, Am. 1: 292. 1803. 
A small tree, sometimes 20° high and the trunk 
1o’in diameter. Leaves oblong, oblong-lanceolate 
or oval, thick, shining and dark green above, gla- 
brous when mature, sometimes pubescent beneath 
when young, dentate or often entire, obtusish or 
acute at the apex, narrowed at the base, 1/—2’ long; 
cymes few-flowered; pedicels 1/-1%4’ long, slen- 
der; flowers pink, fragrant, mostly less than 1/ 
broad; styles nearly separate; pome about 1/ in 
diameter. 
In thickets, New Jersey to Illinois and Kansas, 
south to Florida and Louisiana. Wood hard, reddish 
brown; weight per cubic foot 43 lbs. March-—May. 
