Vor. II.] APPLE FAMILY. 237 
2. Aronia nigra (Willd.) Britton. Black 
Chokeberry. (Fig. 1984.) 
Mespilus arbuttfolia var. nigra Willd. Sp. Pl. 2: 1013. 
1800. 
Mespilus arbutifolia var. melanocarpa Michx. FI. Bor. 
Am. 1: 292. 1803. 
Pyrus nigra Sargent, Gard. & For. 3: 416. 1890. 
Aronia nigra Britton, Mem. Torr. Giub, 5: 182. 1894. 
A shrub resembling the preceding species, and 
generally regarded as a variety of it. Leaves obo- 
vate or oval, obtuse, acute or abruptly acuminate at 
the apex, narrowed or cuneate at the base, short- 
petioled, crenulate, dark green above, paler beneath, 
glabrous or nearly so on both surfaces; flowers simi- 
lar to the preceding; calyx and pedicels nearly gla- 
brous; fruit globose or oval, nearly black, or purplish 
black, 3/’-4’’ in diameter. 
In swamps or low woods, or sometimes in drier soil, 
Nova Scotia to western Ontario, south to Florida and 
Michigan. Ascends to 6000 ft. in North Carolina. 
March-June. 
5. AMELANCHIER Medic. Phil. Bot. 1:.155. 1789. 
Shrubs or trees, with alternate simple petioled serrate or entire leaves, unarmed branches, 
and racemose or rarely solitary white flowers. Calyx-tube campanulate, more or less adnate 
to the ovary, 5-lobed, the lobes narrow, reflexed, persistent. Petals 5. Stamens «, inserted 
on the throat of the calyx; filaments subulate; styles 2-5, connate, pubescent at the base. 
Ovary wholly or partly inferior, its cavities becoming twice as many as the styles; ovule 1 
in each cavity, erect. Pome small, berry-like, 4-10-celled. Testa of the seed cartilaginous, 
[The Savoy name of the Medlar. ] 
A genus of about 12 species, natives of the north temperate zone. Besides the following, some 
3 others occur in western North America and 1 in Mexico. 
Flowers several or numerous in the racemes; pome globose. 
Glabrous or pubescent trees and shrubs; leaves usually serrate nearly all around. 
Leaves acute or acuminate at the apex; top of the ovary glabrous or nearly so, 
Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, glabrous when mature; base cordate or rounded. 
A, Canadensis, 
Leaves oblong, oval, ovate or obovate, rarely subcordate at base, densely white-woolly 
beneath, at least when young. 2. A. Botryapium. 
Leaves rounded, obtuse or subacute at the apex; top of the ovary woolly. 
Low shrub of rocky places, 1°-2° high; petals 2'’-4’’ long. 3. A. spicata. 
Tree or small shrub; petals 5’’-8'’ long. 4. A. rolundifolia, 
Glabrous western shrub; leaves dentate above: the muddle only. 5. A. alnifolia. 
Flowers only 1-4 in the clusters; pome oblong or obovoid 6. A. oligocarpa. 
1. Amelanchier Canadénsis (I,.) Medic. June-berry. Service-berry. 
4,  May-cherry. (Fig. 1985.) 
ff Mespilus Canadensis ,. Sp. Pl. 478. 1753. 
Crataegus racemosa Yam. Encycl. 1: 84. 1783. 
A. Canadensis Medic. Geschichte, 79. 1793. 
A tree, sometimes reaching the height of 60°, 
with trunk diameter of 2°, but usually lower, sel- 
dom over 25° high. Leaves ovate or oval, acute 
or acuminate at the apex, rounded or cordate at 
the base, sharply and finely serrate, sometimes 
sparingly pubescent when young, soon entirely 
glabrous, 1/-3/ long, or larger on young shoots; 
racemes spreading or drooping; pedicels long, 
slender; bracts silky, purplish, deciduous; petals 
linear, linear-spatulate, or linear-oblong, 6//-9/’ 
long, 3-4 times the length of the nearly or quite 
glabrous calyx; pome globose, red or purple, 
sweet, about 3’ high. 
In dry woodlands, Newfoundland to western On- 
tario, south to Florida and Louisiana. Wood very 
hard, brown; weight per cubic foot 49 lbs. March- 
May. Fruit ripe June-July. 
