250 DRUPACEAE. (Vou. IL 
10. Prunus spinosa L. Sloe. 
Blackthorn. Buckthorn. (Fig. 2016.) 
Prunus spinosa I, Sp. Pl. 475. 1753+ 
A much-branched shrub with thorny branches, 
2°-15° high. Leaves ovate or oblong, obtuse at the 
apex, narrowed or rounded at the base, serrate, 
nearly glabrous when mature; flowers white, 4/’- 
6’’ broad, appearing before the leaves, the lateral 
clusters only 1-2-flowered; drupe globose, nearly 
black with a bloom, in the wild state about 6’/ in 
diameter; stone little flattened, acute on one edge. 
Along roadsides, etc., Pennsylvania and New Jersey 
to Massachusetts. Naturalized or adventive from 
Europe. Called also Blackberry. April-May. 
Prunus spinosa insititia (L.) A. Gray, Man. Ed. 2, 
112. 1856. BULLACE. 
Prunus tnsititia I,, Amoen,.Acad. 4: 273. 1755. 
Taller; leaves and pedicels pubescent; branches 
less thorny; drupe ovoid-globose. Naturalized in 
eastern Massachusetts, Regarded by many authors as 
a species, and as the original of the cultivated Euro- 
pean plums (Prunus domestica I,.). 
11. Prunus pumila L. Sand Cherry. Dwarf Cherry. (Fig. 2017.) 
Prunus pumila I. Mant. Pl. 75. 1767. ° 
Cerasus pumila Michx. F1, Bor. Am. 1: 286. 1803. 
Prostrate and spreading or ascending, much 
branched from the base, sometimes bushy, 6/— 
6° high. Leaves mostly oblanceolate or spatu- 
late, acute or acutish at the apex, narrowed at 
the base, serrate, especially toward the apex, 
usually pale beneath and deep green above, gla- 
brous or very nearly so on both sides when ma- 
ture; flowers white, 4//-5/’ broad, appearing 
with the leaves in sessile lateral umbels; clus- 
ters few-flowered; drupe 4//-6’’ in diameter, 
dark red or nearly black when mature without 
bloom; flesh thin, acid. 
On sandy or gravelly shores, New Brunswick to 
Manitoba, south to Maine, New Jersey and Michi- 
gan, April-May. Fruit ripe in August. 
12. Prunus cuneata Raf. 
(Fig. 2018.) 
Prunus cuneata Raf. Ann, Nat. 11. 
Appalachian 
y 
An erect shrub, 1°-4° high, the branches often 
strict, light colored. Leaves oval, oblong or 
obovate, obtuse or sometimes acute at the apex, 
narrowed or wedge-shaped at the base, more or 
less serrate with rather appressed teeth, rather 
thin, 1/-3/ long, sometimes nearly 1’ wide; pet- 
ioles 4/’-10’’ long; flowers in umbels, appearing 
with the leaves, about 5’’ broad; drupe globose, 
4//-5’’ in diameter when mature; pedicels 1/ 
long or less. 
In wet soil, or among rocks, New Hampshire to 
Minnesota, North Carolina and Wisconsin. 
