386 ANACARDIACEAE, (Vou. I. 
About 120 species, natives of warm and temperate regions, most abundant in South Africa. 
Besides the following, about 8 others occur in the southern and western parts of the United States. 
Fruit pubescent; stone smooth, 
Leaflets 9-31. 
Rachis of the leaf wing-margined. 
Rachis of the leaf nearly terete. 
Foliage and twigs velvety-pubescent. 2 
Foliage and twigs glabrous, glaucous. 3 
Leaflets 3; flowers appearing before the leaves. 
Leaflets 1’-3' long, pubescent, crenate-dentate. 4. R. aromatica. 
Leaflets }4’-1' long, glabrate, with few rounded teeth. 5. &. trilobata. 
6. 
7 
~ 
. R. copallina. 
. R. hirta, 
. R. glabra. 
Fruit glabrous; stone striate. 
Leaflets 7-13, glabrous. 
Leaflets 3, slightly pubescent beneath. 
. R. Vernizx. 
. R. radicans. 
1. Rhus copallina L. Dwarf, Black or Mountain Sumac. Upland Sumac. 
(Fig. 2347.) 
Rhus copallina I,. Sp. Pl. 266. 1753. 
A shrub, or sometimes a small tree, with 
maximum height of about 30° and trunk diam- 
eter of 10’. Leaves pinnate, 6’-12’ long, the 
petiole and rachis more or less pubescent; 
leaflets 9-21, ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lan- 
ceolate, inequilateral, acute or obtusish at 
each end, entire, or few-toothed toward the 
apex, dark green and glabrous above, paler 
and often pubescent beneath; rachis wing- 
margined between the leaflets; flowers polyg- 
amous, green, 114’ broad, in dense terminal 
panicles; pedicels and calyx finely pubescent; 
drupe compressed, 2’’ in diameter, crimson, 
covered with short fine acid hairs; stone 
smooth. 
In dry soil, Maine and southern Ontario to 
Florida, west to Minnesota, Nebraska and Texas. 
Not poisonous. Leaves and bark contain much 
tannin and are collected in large quantities in the 
southern States, and ground for tanning leather. 
Wood soft, light brown; weight per cubic foot 
33 lbs. Ascends to 2600 ft. in North Carolina. 
June-Aug. 
2. Rhus hirta (L.) Sudw. Staghorn Sumac. (Fig. 2348.) 
- Datisca hirta I,. Sp. Pl. 1037. 1753- | 
Rhus typhina Y,. Amoen. Acad. 4: 311. 1760. ~ 
Rhus hirta Sudw. Bull. Torr. Club, 19: 82. 
1892. 
A small tree, with maximum height of 40° 
and trunk diameter of 9’, or often shrubby. 
Leaves pinnate, 8’-15’ long; petioles, rachis 
and twigs more or less densely velvety-pu- 
bescent; leaflets 11-31, lanceolate or oblong- 
lanceolate, 3/-5’ long, acuminate at the 
apex, rounded at the base, sharply serrate, 
dark green and nearly glabrous above, pale 
and more or less pubescent beneath; pani- 
cles terminal, dense; flowers green, polyga- 
mous, 1%4’’ broad; drupe globose, 134//-2/’ 
in diameter, very densely covered with 
bright crimson hairs; stone smooth. 
In dry or rocky soil, Nova Scotia to Georgia, 
especially along the mountains, west to south- 
ern Ontario, Minnesota, Missouri and Missis- 
sippi. Wood soft, greenish-yellow; weight per 
cubic foot 27 lbs. Barkrichintannin. A form 
with laciniate leaflets has been found in New 
Hampshire. June. This and the next some- 
times called Vinegar Tree. 
