446 VIOLACEAE. [Von. II. 
Petals blue, purple, cream-color or white. 
Stipules entire; plant tall. 22. V. Canadensis. 
Stipules incised, fimbriate or pinnatifid. 
Perennial by rootstocks; stipules much smaller than the blades. 
Spur of corolla shorter than the petals. 
Glabrous, or nearly so; upper leaves mostly pointed. 
Petals cream-color, the lower one purplish-veined. 23. V. striata. 
Petals blue, rarely white. 24. V. Labradorica. 
Finely puberulent; leaves mostly all rounded or obtuse. 
Stems spreading or ascending; leaves, or some of them, ovate; northern. 
25. V. arenaria, 
Stems prostrate; leaves orbicular; southern. V. multicaulis, 
Spur of corolla longer than the petals. 27. V. rostrata. 
Annual; stipules large, foliaceous. 
Stem stout; flowers 8’’-12'' broad; plant escaped from gardens. 28. V. tricolor. 
Stem slender; flowers 5'’-8'’ broad; plant of dry fields. 29. V. tenella. 
1. Viola palmata I,, Early Blue Violet. (Fig. 2484.) 
Viola palmata I,. Sp. Pl. 933. 1753- 
Viola cucullata var. palmata A, Gray, 
Man. Ed. 5, 78. 1867. 
Pubescent, villous or glabrous, acau- 
lescent; rootstock thick, usually ob- 
lique, sometimes branched. Flower- 
ing scapes erect or ascending, com- 
monly shorter than the leaves, some- 
times longer; petioles mostly becoming 
much longer than the blades; blades 
variously 3-13-lobed, 114/-5’ long 
when mature and about equally wide 
or wider, or some of the outer ones 
merely crenate-dentate; lobes lanceo- 
late, ovate or oblong, crenate-dentate, 
the middle one usually much the 
broadest, the lateral ones often very 
oblique; sepals lanceolate or linear-ob- 
long, acute, acuminate or obtusish; 
petals bright blue, rarely paler or 
white, 5/’-12’’ long; lateral petals 
bearded; style beardless; capsules 4//— 
6’ long, those from the numerous 
later cleistogamous flowers on horizon- 
tal or deflexed peduncles. 
Wore 
In dry soil, mostly in woods, rarely in meadows, Maine to southern Ontario and Minnesota, south 
. to Georgia and Arkansas. A form with the lateral leaf-lobes linear, occurring in Illinois, Michigan 
and Wisconsin is, perhaps, distinct. April-May. y, y 
2. Viola Atlantica Britton. Coast 
Violet. (Fig. 2485.) 
Viola Atlantica Britton, Bull. Torr. Club, 24: 
92. 1897. 
Glabrous, or with a few scattered hairs, 
acaulescent; rootstock thick, erect. Flower- 
ing scapes very slender, 4/-8’ high, mostly 
longer than the leaves; petioles much longer 
than the blades; blades ovate to reniform in 
outline, 1/—3’ wide when mature, deeply sub- 
pedately parted into linear or oblanceolate 
acute or acutish lobes; lobes with a few low 
distant teeth, or entire, the middle one some- 
what the widest; sepals linear-lanceolate, 
long-acuminate, 4’/-5’’ long; petals blue, 
6/’-10’ long, at least the lateral ones 
bearded; capsules oval-oblong, nearly 6 
long, glabrous. 
Eastern Massachusetts to southern New Jer- 
sey, in sandy soil near the coast. Simulates lV. 
pedatifida, May-June. 
