454 VIOLACEAE. (Vor. IL. 
24. Viola Labradorica Schrank. American Dog Violet. (Fig. 2507.) 
Viola Labradorica Schrank, Denksch. Bot. Gesell. 
Regensb, 2:12. 1818. 
Viola Muhlenbergti Torr. Fl. U. S. 1: 256. 1824. 
Viola canina var. Muhlenbergii Traut. Act. Hort. 
Petr. 5:28. 1877. 
Glabrous, stems tufted, slender, decumbent 
or erect, 2’-6’ long, leafy. Blades of the leaves 
ovate, orbicular or reniform, cordate, 14’-1%4/ 
wide, the lower rounded at the apex, the upper 
sometimes acuminate; petioles slender, the lower 
usually longer than the blades; stipules ovate- 
lanceolate, acute, serrate-ciliate, or the upper 
nearly entire; sepals linear-lanceolate, acumi- 
nate; flowers long-peduncled; petals light pur- 
ple, rarely white, 5’/-7’” long, the lateral ones 
slightly bearded; spur about one-half as long as 
the petals; style short-beaked, beardless; cap- 
sules 2//-3/’ long, glabrous. 
In moist or wet soil, preferring shade, Labrador 
to Minnesota, North Carolina and Kentucky. Pro- 
duces cleistogamous flowers late in the season on 
short peduncles. March—May. 
25. Viola arenaria DC. Sand 
Violet. (Fig. 2508.) 
Viola arenaria DC. FI. Franc. 4: 806, 1805. 
Viola canina var. puberula S, Wats. in A. Gray, 
Man. Ed. 6, 81. 1890. 
V. subvestita Greene, Erythea, 5: 39. 1897. 
Finely puberulent, stems tufted, slender, 
spreading or ascending, 2’-6’ long. Petioles 
longer than the blades, or the upper shorter; 
stipules incised; blades ovate, orbicular, or 
some of the lower ones reniform, %/-1/ long, 
crenulate, obtuse or acutish at the apex, 
cordate or truncate at the base, thickish; 
peduncles slender, often longer than the 
leaves; sepals linear or linear-lanceolate, 
acuminate; petals violet, 4’’-6’” long; spur 
obtuse, about 3/’ long; capsule 3’’-4’” long. 
On shores and in sandy soil, Maine to Michi- 
gan, South Dakota and Saskatchewan. Also in 
lgurope. The American plant has more ovate 
leaves than the European. May-June. 
Q = 26. Viola multicaulis (T. & G.) Brit- 
= ton. Prostrate Blue Violet. (Fig. 2509. ) 
Viola Muhlenbergii var. multicaulis T, & G. FI. 
I: 140. 1838. 
Viola multicaulis Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 
227. 18094. 
Very finely puberulent, stems slender, usually 
several together, tufted, prostrate, leafy, 2/-8’ 
long. Petioles slender, the lower as long as 
the blades, or longer; blades mostly orbicular, 
rounded or obtuse at the apex, crenulate, firm, 
deeply cordate, not over 114’ wide when ma- 
ture; stipules deeply laciniate, 6’’/-10’” long; 
peduncles mostly longer than the leaves, the 
bracts often borne much above the middle; se- 
pals lanceolate, acuminate; petals violet, 4//-5/” 
long, bearded; style not bearded; capsule 3//— 
4’ long, glabrous. 
=P. * In woods, Kentucky to Florida, Louisiana and 
Texas. Feb.-July, bearing cleistogamous flowers 
later. Leaves sometimes mottled. 
