Vor. IL] GINSENG FAMILY. 507 
Aralia nudicaulis elongata Nash, Bull. Torr. Club, 20: 
374. 1893. 
Leaflets longer and narrower, coarsely serrate, 
paler beneath. Catskill Mountains. 
4. Aralia hispida Vent. Bristly Sarsa- 
parilla. Wild Elder. (Fig. 2629.) 
Aralia hispida Vent. Hort. Cels, pl. gz. 1800. 
Erect, leafy, 1°-3° high, the stem and petioles 
more or less hispid with slender bristles. Leaves 
petioled, or the upper nearly sessile, bipinnate; 
leaflets ovate or oval, acute at the apex, nar- 
rowed or rounded at the base, glabrous or pu- 
bescent on the veins beneath, sharply and ir- 
regularly serrate, 1/-2’ long; umbels several, 
slender-peduncled, simple, corymbo-racemose 
at the summit of the stem; pedicels glabrous; 
flowers white, 1’’ broad; fruit dark purple, 3//— 
4’ in diameter, strongly 5-lobed when dry. 
In rocky or sandy woods, and clearings, New- 
foundland and Labrador to North Carolina, west to Ontario, Minnesota and Indiana. June-July. 
2. PANAX L,. Sp. Pl. 1058. 1753. 
Erect perennial herbs, from globose or elongated aromatic roots, with a verticil of digi- 
tately compound leaves at the summit of the stem. Umbel solitary, terminal, simple. 
Flowers greenish or white, polygamous. Calyx-limb obscurely 5-toothed. Petals 5, spread- 
ing. Stamens 5, alternate with the petals. Styles 2-3. Fruit a small drupe-like some- 
what flattened berry, enclosing 2-3 seeds. [Greek, all-healing.] 
About 7 species, natives of eastern North America and central and eastern Asia. 
Leaflets 5, ovate or obovate, stalked, acuminate. 1. P. quinquefolium, 
Leaflets 3-5, oval, to oblanceolate, sessile, obtuse. 2. P. trifolium. 
1. Panax quinquefolium I. Ginseng. (Fig. 2630.) 
f Panax quinguefolium I,. Sp. Pl. 1058. _ 1753. 
Y Ginseng quinquefolium Wood, Bot. & Flor. 
142. 1873. 
Yj Glabrous, 8/-15’ high. Root fusiform, 
deep, simple or branched. Petioles 1%4/—4’ 
long; leaflets 5 (rarely 6-7), stalked, thin, 
ovate or obovate, acuminate at the apex, 
rounded or narrowed at the base, 2/-5/ long, 
1/-2’ wide, irregularly dentate; peduncle 
slender, 1/-2’ long; umbel 6-20-flowered; 
pedicels 3/’-6’’ long in fruit; flowers green- 
ish yellow, about 1’ broad; styles usually 2; 
fruit flattened, somewhat didymous, bright 
crimson, 5/’ broad. 
In rich woods, Quebec to Alabama, Minne- 
sota, Nebraska and Missouri. July-Aug. 
2. Panax trifolium L. Dwarf Ginseng or 
Ground-nut. (Fig. 2631.) 
Panax trifolium 1,. Sp. Pl. 1059. 1753. 
Ginseng trifolium Wood, Bot. & Flor. 142. 1873. 
Glabrous, 3/-8’ high. Root globose, deep, about 14’ in 
diameter, pungent to the taste; petioles 14/-2/ long; leaflets 
3-5, oval to oblanceolate, sessile, obtuse, usually narrowed at 
the base, 1/-1 14’ long, 3/’-8’’ wide, dentate or serrate; pedun- 
cles 1/-214’ long; pedicels 1//-1%4’’ long in fruit; flowers 
white, often monoecious, about 1/’ broad; styles, usually 3; 
fruit mostly 3-angled (or when with 2 styles, didymous), yel- 
low, about 2’” broad. 
In moist woods and thickets, Nova Scotia to Georgia, west to 
Ontario, Minnesota, Iowa and Illinois. April-June. 
