554 PYROLACEAE. ; (Vor. II. 
2. Chimaphila umbellata (L.) Nutt. Pip- 
sissewa. Prince’s Pine. (Fig. 2736.) 
Pyrola umbellata 1,. Sp. Pl. 396. 
1753- 
Chimaphila corymbosa Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 300. 1814. 
Chimaphila umbellata Nutt. Gen. 1: 274. 1818. 
Similar to the preceding species, the branches com- 
monly stouter, sometimes 1° high and usually more 
leafly. Leaves spatulate or cuneate-oblanceolate, ob- 
tuse or acutish at the apex, sharply serrate, bright 
green and shining, not mottled, 1/-234’ long, 3//-12’” 
wide above the middle; flowers several, umbellate or 
subcorymbose, white or pinkish, commonly smaller 
than those of the preceding species, usually marked 
by a deep pink ring; filaments ciliate; capsule 3//-4/” 
in diameter. 
In dry woods, Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to 
Georgia, Mexico and California. Also in Europe and 
Asia. June-Aug. 
Family 3. MONOTROPACEAE Lindl. Nat. Syst. Ed. 2, 219. 1836. 
INDIAN-PIPE FAMILY. 
Humus-plants or saprophytes, with mostly simple, leafless bracted scapes, 
and solitary or clustered perfect regular flowers. Calyx 2-6-parted, free from 
the ovary; sepals erect, connate at the base, imbricated, deciduous. Corolla 
gamopetalous or polypetalous (wanting in the California 4//otropa); lobes or 
petals 3-6. Stamens 6-12, hypogynous; filaments distinct, or united at base; 
anthers 2-celled or confluently 1-celled, attached to the filaments by their backs 
or bases; pollen-grains simple. Disk obsolete or 8—12-lobed. Ovary superior, 
4-6-lobed, 1—6-celled; style short or elongated; stigma capitate or peltate; 
ovules numerous, anatropous. Capsule 4—6-lobed, or terete, 1-6-celled, loculi- 
cidally 4-6-valved, many-seeded. Seeds minute, the testa reticulated. 
About 9 genera and 12 species, mostly of the northern hemisphere, most abundant in North 
America. 
Corolla gamopetalous, persistent. 
Corolla globose-ovoid; anthers 2-awned. 1. Plerospora. 
Corolla campanulate; anthers awnless. 2. Monotropsts. 
Corolla polypetalous, deciduous. 
Flower solitary. 3. Monotropa. 
Flowers racemose. 4. Hypopitys. 
1. PTEROSPORA Nutt. Gen. 1: 269. 1818. 
Scape slender, glandular-pubescent, from a thick base of matted fibrous roots. Flowers 
and capsules racemose, pendulous. Calyx deeply 5-parted. Corolla gamopetalous, globose- 
ovoid, with 5 reflexed lobes. Stamens Io, included; filaments subulate, glabrous; anthers 
introrse, horizontal in the bud, the sacs longitudinally dehiscent, each with a deflexed awn 
at the base. Disk none. Ovary subglobose, 5-lobed, 5-celled; style short, columnar; stigma 
capitate, 5-lobed. Capsule depressed globose, 5-lobed, 5-celled, 5-valved, the apex and base 
intruded. Seeds horizontal, globose-ovoid, with a terminal reticulated wing. [Greek, 
wing-seeded. ] 
A monotypic genus of temperate North America. 
1. Pterospora Andromedéa Nutt. Giant 
Bird’s-nest. Pine Drops. (Fig. 2737.) 
Plerospora Andromedea Nutt. Gen. 1: 269. 1818. 
Monotropa procera Torr.; Eaton, Man. Ed. 2, 324, 1818. 
Roots very astringent, forming a rounded mass some- 
times 2’ in diameter. Scape purplish or brown, 6/-414° 
high, bracted, grooved, densely covered with viscid 
hairs. Bracts lanceolate, or linear, very numerous and 
crowded at the base; flower numerous, racemose, white, 
2’//-4’’ broad; pedicels at first spreading, soon recurved, 
3/’-10” long, viscid; sepals oblong, about one-half the 
length of the corolla; capsule 4/’-6’’ in diameter. 
In rich woods, Quebec and New Hampshire to Pennsylva- 
nia, west to British Columbia and California, south in the 
Rocky Mountains to Arizona. Called also Albany Beech- 
drops. June-Aug. 
