556 MONOTROPACEAE. (Vor. I. 
4. HYPOPITYS Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 443. 1763. 
Scapes slender, pubescent at least above, bearing numerous white yellowish or red 
flowers in a nodding one-sided raceme which soon becomes erect. Roots a dense mass of 
fleshy fibres. Terminal flower usually 5-parted, the lateral ones 3-4-parted. Sepals com- 
monly as many as the petals. Petals saccate at the base. Stamens 6-10; filaments subu- 
late-filiform; anthers horizontal, the 2 sacs becoming confluent, opening by 2 unequal 
valves, the larger one spreading or reflexed, the smaller erect. Disk confluent with the base 
of the ovary, 8-1o-toothed. Ovary 3-5-celled; style slen- 
der; stigma funnelform, its margin glandular-ciliate. 
Capsule 3-5-celled, 3-5-valved, erect. [Greek, referring 
to its growth under firs. ] 
A monotypic genus of the north temperate zone. 
1. Hypopitys Hypopitys (L.) Small. Pine- 
sap. False Beech-drops. (Fig. 2740.) 
Monotropa Hypopitys \. Sp. Pl. 387. 1753. 
Hypopitys Monotropa Crantz, Inst. 2: 467. 1766. 
Hy popiiys Hypopitys Small, Mem. Torr. Club, 4: 137. 1894. 
Plants usually slightly fragrant; scapes mostly clus- 
tered, 4/-12’ high. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, densely 
imbricated at the base, scattered above; raceme 3~-15- 
flowered, 1/-5’ long; pedicels bracteolate or naked, 3//— 
10’ long; flowers oblong-campanulate, 4’/-7’’ long, 
white, yellowish to pink, more or less bracteolate at the 
base, the bractlets closely resembling the sepals; fila- 
ments pubescent; capsule globose-oblong, 2//-3/’ high. 
In dry woods, Anticosti to Florida, British Columbia and 
Arizona. Also in Europe and Asia. Called also Bird’s-nest. 
June-Oct. 
Family 4. ERICACEAE DC. FI. Franc. 3: 675. 1805. 
HEATH FAMILY. 
Shrubs, perennial herbs, or trees, with simple exstipulate leaves, and mostly 
perfect, gamopetalous or polypetalous flowers. Calyx inferior, free from the 
ovary, 4—5-parted or 4—5-cleft, mostly persistent. Corolla regular, or rarely 
somewhat 2-lipped and irregular, usually 4~5-toothed, -lobed or -parted. Sta- 
mens hypogynous, usually as many or twice as many as the corolla-lobes, teeth 
or petals; filaments mostly separate; anthers 2-celled, attached to the filaments 
by the back or base, the sacs often prolonged upwardly into tubes, dehiscent by 
terminal pores or chinks, or longitudinally, often awned. Disk crenate, lobed, 
ornone. Ovary 2-5-celled; style elongated or short; stigma peltate or capitate; 
ovules usually numerous, anatropous. Fruit a capsule, berry or drupe. Seeds 
usually numerous and minute, or sometimes only 1 in each cavity; endosperm 
fleshy; embryo central; cotyledons short; radicle terete. 
About 55 genera and 1050 species, of very wide geographic distribution. 
‘ % Fruit a septicidal capsule; corolla deciduous; anthers unappendaged. 
Corolla of separate petals. 1. Ledum. 
Corolla gamopetalous (polypetalous in no. 6). 
Corolla somewhat irregular (except in no. 5); seeds flat, winged. 
Corolla funnelform to campanulate; stamens exserted. 
Corolla funnelform, slightly 2-lipped; leaves deciduous. 2. Azalea. 
Corolla 2-lipped, lower lip divided to the base; leaves deciduous. 3. Rhodora. 
Corolla campanulate; leaves evergreen. 4. Rhododendron. 
Corolla urn-shaped; stamens not exserted. 5. Menziesia. 
Corolla regular; seeds angled, or rounded. 
Corolla polypetalous. 6. Dendrium., 
Corolla gamopetalous. 
Stamens 5; capsule 2-3-celled. 7. Chamaecistus. 
Stamens 10; capsule 5-celled. 
Corolla saucer-shaped, ro-saccate. 8. Kalmia. 
Corolla ovoid. 9. Phyllodoce. 
% % Fruit a loculicidal capsule, berry or drupe; corolla deciduous; anthers often awned. 
+ Fruit a dry capsule; calyx not accrescent, mostly small. 
Low heath-like shrubs; leaves subulate, very small. 10, Casstope. 
Shrubs, or trees; leaves linear to broadly oval. 
Anther-sacs opening by a terminal pore or chink. 
Sepals or calyx-lobes imbricated, at least in the bud. 
Capsule dehiscent into a single layer of 5 valves. 11. Leucothoé. 
Capsule dehiscent into 2 layers, the outer 5-valved, the inner 1o-valved. 
12. Chamaedaphne. 
