580 VACCINIACEAE. (Vor. II. 
13. Vaccinium Vitis-Idaéa I. Mountain Cranberry. Wind-or Cow-berry. 
(Fig. 2795.) 
Vaccinium Vitis-Idaea ¥,. Sp. Pl. 351. 1753. 
A low evergreen shrub, with creeping stems, the 
branches erect, terete, 3/-8’ high, puberulent or 
glabrous. Leaves thick, coriaceous, persistent, 
crowded, green and somewhat shining above, paler 
and black-dotted beneath, quite glabrous, or min- 
utely ciliate toward the base, obovate or oval, 
short-petioled, entire or sparingly serrulate, 3//-8’’ 
long, the margins revolute; flowers in short termi- 
nal secund racemes or clusters, nodding, longer 
than their pedicels; bracts reddish, short-oblong, 
tardily deciduous; bractlets 2; calyx-limb 4-toothed; 
corolla white or pink, open-campanulate, 4-lobed; 
stamens 8; berries dark red, acid, 4’’-5’’ in diameter. 
In rocky places, Essex Co., Mass., coast of Maine, 
higher mountains of New England to Labrador and 
arctic America, west to Lake Superior, British Colum- 
biaand Alaska. Ascends to 5300 ft. inthe Adirondacks. 
Also in northern Europe and Asia, Fruit used asa sub- 
stitute for cranberries. June-July. Other English 
names are Flowering Box, Ling- or Wine-berry, Red 
Whortleberry. Fruit ripe Aug.—Sept. 
14. Vaccinium stamineum L.  Deer- 
berry. Buckberry. (Fig. 2796.) 
Vaccinium stamineum I,. Sp. Pl. 350. 1753. 
A divergently branched shrub, 2°-5° high, with 
pubescent or glabrous twigs. Leaves oval, oblong 
or rarely obovate, acute or sometimes acuminate 
at the apex, petioled, entire, firm, green above, 
pale and glaucous or slightly pubescent beneath, 
1/-4’ long, %/-114’ wide; flowers very numerous 
in graceful leafy-bracted racemes, jointed with their 
spreading or pendulous filiform pedicels; corolla 
open-campanulate, purplish or yellowish green, 
deeply 5-cleft, 2’/-3/’ long, 3’’-5’’ broad; anthers 
and style exserted; bracts usually persistent; berry 
globose or pear-shaped, green or yellow, 4//-5’’ in 
diameter, inedible. 
In dry woods and thickets, Maine to southern On- 
tario and Minnesota, south to Florida, Kentucky and 
Louisiana. Squaw Huckleberry. April-June. 
15. Vaccinium arboreum Marsh. Farkle- 
berry. (Fig. 2797.) 
Vaccinium aboreum Marsh. Arb, Amer. 157. 1785. 
A divergently branched shrub or small tree, 
reaching a maximum height of about 30°, and 
trunk diameter of 9’, the twigs glabrous or slightly 
pubescent. Ieaves obovate or oval, obtuse or acute 
and mucronulate at the apex, narrowed at the base, 
short-petioled, shining and bright green above, 
duller, and sometimes sparingly pubescent beneath, 
entire or glandular-denticulate, coriaceous, I/-2’ 
long, %4’-1/ wide; flowers pendulous in leafy- 
bracted racemes, slender-pedicelled; corolla white; 
campanulate, 5-lobed; anthers included; style ex- 
serted; bracts persistent; berry globose, black, 
about 3/’ in diameter, inedible. 
In dry sandy soil, North Carolina to Kentucky, 
southern Illinois and Indian Territory, south to Florida 
and Texas. Wood hard, reddish brown, weight per 
cubic foot 47 lbs. Called also Sparkleberry. May-June. 
