Vo. II.] OLIVE FAMILY. 601 
1. Fraxinus Americana L. White 
Ash. (Fig. 2838.) 
Fraxinus Americana ¥,. Sp. Pl. 1057. 1753. 
A large forest tree, reaching a maximum height 
of about 130° and a trunk diameter of 6°. Twigs, 
petioles and rachis of the leaves glabrous; leaf- 
lets 5-9 (commonly 7), ovate, ovate-lanceolate, 
oblong or rarely slightly obovate, stalked, entire 
or denticulate, dark green above, pale or light 
green and often pubescent beneath, 3/-5’ long, 
1/-2’ wide, acuminate or acute at the apex, 
mostly rounded at the base; flowers dioecious 
(rarely monoecious), the calyx of the pistillate 
present and persistent; anthers linear-oblong; 
samara 1/-2’ long, its body terete, not margined, 
winged only from near the summit, one-fourth 
to one-half the length of the linear-oblong or 
lanceolate wing. 
In rich woods, Nova Scotia to Minnesota, south to 
Florida, Kansas and Texas. Wood heavy, hard, 
strong, brown; weight per cubic foot 41 lbs. April-June. 
Fraxinus Americana profinda Bush, Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 5:147. 1894. 
Leaflets densely pubescent beneath; samara 2'-2!s' long, the wing more decurrent. Swamps, 
southern Missouri. Probably a distinct species. 
2. Fraxinus lanceolata Borck. Green 
Ash. (Fig. 2839.) 
Fraxinus lanceolata Borck. Handb. Forst. Bot. 1: 
826. 1800. 
Fraxinus viridis Michx. f. Hist. Arb. Am. 3: 115. 
pl. ro. 1813. 
A tree with maximum height of about 65° and 
trunk diameter of 3°, glabrous or very nearly so 
throughout. Leaflets 5-9, stalked, entire or 
denticulate, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, acumi- 
nate or acute at the apex, mostly narrowed at 
the base, green on both sides, 2’-6’ long, 1/-2’ 
wide; flowers dioecious, the calyx of the pistil- 
late persistent; anthers linear-oblong; samara 
1/-2/ long, very similar to that of the preceding 
species, the usually spatulate and proportion- 
ately slightly longer wing sometimes decurrent 
on the sides of the body to below the middle. 
Moist soil, Vermont to the Northwest Territory, 
Florida, Utah and Arizona. Wood hard, strong, 
brown; weight per cubic foot 44 lbs. April-May. 
3. Fraxinus Pennsylvanica Marsh. 
Red Ash. (Fig. 2840.) 
Fraxinus Pennsylvanica Marsh. Arb. Am, 51. 1785. 
Fraxinus pubescens Lam. Encycl. 2: 548. 1786. 
A tree with maximum height of about 80° and 
trunk diameter of 4°. Twigs, petioles, rachis 
petiolules and lower surfaces of the leaves vel- 
vety-pubescent; leaflets 5-9, stalked, ovate, ovate- 
lanceolate or oblong, acuminate or acute at the 
apex, mostly narrowed at the base, usually denticu- 
late, 3/-6’ long, 1’-2’ wide; flowers dioecious, the 
calyx of the pistillate ones present and persistent; 
anthers linear-oblong; samara 1/—214’ long, its 
body linear, margined above by the decurrent 
linear or spatulate wing, and about equalling it. 
In moist soil, New Brunswick to South Dakota, Flor- 
ida, Alabama, and Missouri. Wood heavy, strong, 
brown; weight per cubic foot 39 lbs. April-May. 
