602 OLEACEAE. {Vor. II. 
| 4. Fraxinus Caroliniana Mill. Water 
: LAF 4 Ash. (Fig. 2841.) 
= >) 4% y- rail | F. Caroliniana Mill. Dict, Ed. 8, no. 6. 1768. 
2 Wy \ 72 \f Y) F. platycarpa Michx. F1. Bor. Am. 2: 256. 1803. 
\ ( Ii J i Uy Bt A small tree, rarely over 40° high, the trunk 
AX eA, i \/ Bi | reaching about 1° in diameter, with terete 
; ah {/\ yas ta twigs and glabrous or slightly pubescent 
foliage. Leaflets 5-7 (rarely 9), ovate, ovate- 
Fi lanceolate or oblong, acuminate or acute at 
the apex, narrowed, or the lower ones rounded 
at the base, long-stalked (4/’-8’’ ), sharply ser- 
rate, serrulate or sometimes entire, 2/5’ long, 
\4/-114/ wide; flowers dioecious, the calyx of 
the pistillate persistent; anthers linear-oblong; 
samara 1/-2/ long, 4//-9’’ wide, elliptic or 
spatulate, the body linear, flat, broadly winged 
all around, extending more than half way to 
the apex of the fruit, the wing pinnately 
veined; samaras sometimes 3-angled. 
In swamps and wet soil, southeastern Virginia 
to Florida, west to Arkansas and Texas. Also in 
Cuba. Wood light, soft, weak, yellowish white; 
weight per cubic foot 22 lbs. March-April. 
CE iy 
5. Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. 
Blue Ash. (Fig. 2842.) 
Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 
2: 255. 1803. 
A large forest tree, sometimes becoming 
110° high, the trunk reaching 3° in diameter, 
the twigs 4-sided, the foliage glabrous, or 
sparingly pubescent when young. Leaflets 
7-11, ovate, oblong or lanceolate, acuminate 
at the apex, rounded or narrowed at the base, 
short-stalked (2’/-3’’), green on both sides, 
sharply serrate or serrulate, 3/—5’ long, 1/-2’ 
wide; flowers dioecious, the calyx of the pis- 
tillate ones deciduous or sometimes obsolete; 
anthers linear-oblong; samara linear-oblong 
or cuneate, 1/-2’ long, 3/’-7’’ wide, winged 
all around, parallel-nerved, the body extend- 
ing more than half-way to the apex. 
In woods, Ontario, Minnesota and Michigan 
to Alabama, west to Iowa and Arkansas. Wood 
heavy, hard, not strong, yellowish brown; 
weight per cubic ft. 47 lbs. March-April. 
6. Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Black 
Ash. Hoop Ash. (Fig. 2843.) 
Fraxinus nigra Marsh, Arb. Am. 51. 1785. 
Fraxinus sambucifolia Lam. Encycl. 2:549. 1786. 
A swamp tree, reaching a maximum height 
of about 100° and trunk diameter of 3°, the 
twigs terete, the foliage glabrous, except the 
midrib of the lower surfaces of the leaflets. 
Leaflets 7-11, sessile, green on both sides, ob- 
long-lanceolate, long-acuminate at the apex, 
narrowed or rounded at the base, sharply ser- 
rate or serrulate, 3/-6’ long, 9’’-18’’ wide; flow- 
ers dioecious; calyx none; anthers short-oblong; 
samara oblong or linear-oblong, parallel-nerved, 
1/-1 4’ long, 3/’-4’’ wide, the body flat, winged 
all around, extending to or beyond the middle. 
In swamps and wet woods, Newfoundland to 
Manitoba, south to Virginia and Arkansas. Wood 
heavy, Soft, not strong, dark brown; weight per cubic 
foot 39 lbs. Lateral leaflets sessile. April-May. 
Called also Water-ash. 
