Vor, II.] GENTIAN FAMILY. 619 
2. Pleurogyne Carinthiaca (Wulf.) Griseb. 
Smaller Pleurogyne. (Fig. 2883.) 
Swertia Carinthiaca Wulf.; Jacq. Misc. 2:53. 1781. 
Pleurogyne Carinthiaca Griseb. Gent. 310. 1839. 
Similar to the preceding species, but mostly smaller 
and more slender, rarely over 6’ high, the stems or 
branches 1-few-flowered; leaves spatulate, ovate, oblong, 
or lanceolate, 3/’-6/” long; sepals ovate to lanceolate, 
shorter than the corolla-segments or at length equal- 
ling them, these 3//-6’” long, ovate, and acute; capsule 
ovoid-oblong. 
Eastern Quebec. The American plant was separated from 
the European by Dr. Gray as var. pusilla. 
6. FRASERA Walt. Fl. Car. 87. 1788. 
Perennial or biennial erect glabrous mostly tall herbs, with opposite or verticillate leaves, 
and rather large white yellowish or bluish flowers, in terminal cymose panicles or thyrses. 
Calyx 4-parted, the segments narrow. Corolla rotate, 4-parted, the lobes convolute in the 
bud, each bearing I or 2 fimbriate or fringed glands within. Stamens 4, inserted on the 
base of the short corolla-tube; filaments subulate or filiform, sometimes united at the base; 
anthers oblong, versatile. Ovary ovoid, 1-celled; style slender or short, but distinct; stigma 
2-lobed or nearly entire. Capsule ovoid, coriaceous, somewhat compressed, 2-valved, few- 
seeded. Seeds flattened, smooth, margined or narrowly winged. [In honor of John Fraser, 
a botanical collector. ] 
Eight species, natives of North America, all 
but the following far western. 
1. Frasera Carolinénsis Walt. Ameri- 
can Columbo. (Fig. 2884.) 
Frasera Carolinensis Walt. F1. Car. 87. 1788. 
Stem 3°-4° high, stout. Leaves mostly ver- 
ticillate in 4’s, those of the stem lanceolate or 
oblong, acute or acutish, 3/-6’ long, the basal 
ones spatulate or oblanceolate, usually much 
larger, the uppermost small and bract-like; in- 
florescence thyrsoid-paniculate, large, often 2° 
long; flowers slender-pedicelled, about 1/ broad; 
corolla yellowish white with brown-purple dots, 
its lobes broadly oblong, bearing a large circu- 
lar long-fringed gland at or below the middle; 
style 2’/-3’’ long; stigma 2-lobed; capsule much 
compressed, 6’’-8’’ high, longer than the calyx. 
In dry soil, western New York and Ontario to 
Wisconsin, south to Georgia and Kentucky. June- 
Aug. 
7. TETRAGONANTHUS 6S. G. Gmel. Fl. Sib. 4: 114. 1769. 
[HaLenta Borck. in Roem, Archiv, 1: 25. 1796.] : 
Annual or perennial usually tufted glabrous herbs, with opposite leaves, and middle- 
sized white yellowish purple or blue flowers in terminal and axillary often panicled cymes. 
Calyx deeply 4-cleft or 4-parted, the segments lanceolate or oblong. Corolla campanulate, 
4-5-cleft, the lobes convolute in the bud, each with a hollow spur or projection below, which 
is glandular at the bottom within. Stamens 4or 5, inserted near the base of the corolla; fila- 
ments filiform or subulate; anthers oblong, versatile. Ovary 1-celled, the placentae more 
or less intruded; ovules numerous; style very short, sometimes none; stigma 2-lobed. Cap- 
sule ovoid or oblong, 2-valved. Seeds globose-ovoid, smooth, [Greek, alluding to the 
four-parted flowers. } 
About 30 species, natives of mountainous regions of North America, South America and Asia. 
Besides the following, another occurs in the southwestern United States. 
