152 METASPERMAE OF THE MINNESOTA VALLEY. 



UNIFOLIFM Adans. Fam. II (1763). 



Tovaria Neck. Elem. Ill, 190 (1790) not Adans. 



Smilacina Desf. Ann. Mus. Par. IX, 51 (1798). 



Sigillaria Raf. Jour. Phys. LXXXIX, 261 (1819). 



Polygonastrum Moench, Meih. 637 (1794). 



Asterauthemuin, Jocaste, Medora Kunth, Enum. V» 

 148-165 (1850). 



Neolexis Salisb. Gen. PI. Fragm. 64 (1822?). 



Majantheiuuiu Wigg. Prim. Hoist. 15 (1780). 



Sciophylla Wibel, Prim. Werth. 147 (1799). 



Bifolium Gaertn. Wett. Fl. I, 209 (1799). 



StyraiKlra Raf. Jour. Phys. LXXXIX, 102 (1819). 



Maia Salisb. Gen. PI. Fragm. 64 (1822?). 

 Benth. and Hook., Gen. PI. Ill, 770; Durand, Ind. Gen. Plian. 422; 

 Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. 2, V, 79 (Engler); O. Kuntze, Bev. Gen. II, 

 717, 718; Schenck, Palaeophyt. 361. 



Living species: 21; N. temperate regions, 2; Hima- 

 layas, 5; E. Siberia, 1; Japan, 1; W. N. America. 1 (end.); 

 Mexico and Gautemala, 7; Canada, 6; California, 4; Rocky 

 mts., 3; E. Sts., 4; N. America, 8-10; Europe, 1. 



Fossil species: ? Cretaceous, Greenland (Heer); Ter- 

 tiary, Greenland (Heer). 



Unifolium l)ifolium (Linn.) 



Convallaria bifolia Linn. Spec. 316 (1753). 

 a quadrijida Lam. Fl. Fr. Ill, 269(1778). 

 Mojanthemum convallaria Wigg. Prim. Fl. Hoist. 15 (1780). 

 Evallaria bifolia Neck. Elem. Ill, 196 (1791). 

 Convallaria tetrapetala Gilib. Exerc. Phyt. II, 461 (1792). 

 Majanthemum cordifolium Moench, Meth. 638 (1794). 

 Smilacina bifolia Desk. Ann. Mus. IX, 54 (1807). 

 Majanthemum canadens^:, Desf. Ann. Mus. IX, 52 (1807). 

 Smilacina canadense Pursh, Fl. Am. 233 (1814). 

 Styrandra bifolia Raf. Jour. Phys. LXXXIX, 102 (1819). 

 Smilacina bifolia var. canadense Gray, Man. ed. 5, 530? (1868). 

 Unifolium canadense Greene, Torr. Bull. XV, 287 (1888). 

 Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 526; Brltt., Fl. N. J. 241: Mac, 

 Fl. Can. II, 32; Upham, Fl. Minn. 145; Chap., Fl. S. St. 481; Wats., Fl. 

 Calif. II, 162; Richt., PI. Eur. 231; Engl., Nat. Pflanz. II, 5, 80; Rothr., 

 Alask. 456. 



Whole N. temperate zone. 



North America: Labrador and Newf. to Hudson Bay, 

 Bear lake and Rockies; S. through Can. to N. Eng., N. J. and 

 N. Car, W. to Minn., Dak. and Iowa. Alaska. 



Minn, valley: Throughout; principally in forest dis- 

 trict and along streams ; damp w^oods and banks ; tamarack 

 swamps. 



Herb.: Ballard 870, \Ya,con\n,; Ballard 418, New Pra- 

 gue, Scott Co.; Bidlard 08, Chaska; Taijlor 048, Glenwood; 



