LIST OF HIGHER SEED-PKODUCING PLANTS. 191 



Baillon, Hist. PI. VI, 256: Benth. and Hook., Gen. PL III. 407; Durand, 

 Ind. Gen. Phan. 381; Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflrmz. 3, 1,55 (Prantl); 

 Scheack, Palaeophyt. 433. 



Living species: 300 ±; 300 (B. and H.); temperate and 

 tropical regions; especially Europe, tropical and West Asia; 

 N. America; absent from S. America, S. Africa, Australia and 

 Oceanica. Europe. 25; Russia, 10; tropical Asia, 150±; North 

 America and Mexico, 100±; U. S. 50±;E. Sts,, 19; S. Sts., 

 21; Canada, 12-13; California and Pac. U. S., 25; PL Wheel., 

 10; (see W. Am. Oaks, Kellogg, Greene and McDonald). 



Fossil species: 200 ± described; Lower Cretaceous, 

 QuercophyUuin, 2 sp. Potomac beds {Fontaine); Upper Creta- 

 ceous, Colo., Neb., Kan., Wyoming (Lesquereaux, Ward, New- 

 ber-ry, Heer); Tertiary, N. America, Australia, Sumatra, Java, 

 Japan, Greenland, Alaska, Spitzbergen, Prance, Italy ( /S'aporto, 

 Heer, Ettinghaiisen, Brongniart, Goppert, linger, Nathorst; Les- 

 quereaux, Qtc.) Pliocene and Quaternary, Ohio, Italy, Japan 

 {Neiuberry, Goppert, Saporta, Nathorst); Amber, Baltic region 

 (Conwentz). 



Quercus velutiiia Lam. Enc. Meth. II, 721 (1789). 

 Q. discolor Arr. Hort. Kew. Ill, 358 (1789). 

 Q. tinctoria Bartr. Trav. 2 ed. 37 (1791). 

 Q. tinctoria var. angidosa MrCHX. Fl. N. Am. II, 198 (1803) 

 Q. tinctoria var. sinuosa Micnx. Fl. N. Am. II, 198 (1803). 

 Q. coccinea var. tinctoria Gray, Man. 5 ed. 454 (1868). 

 Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 477; Britt., FL N. J. 244; Mac, 

 FL Can. I, 443; Upham, Fl. Minn. 126; Chap., FL S. St. 422; Cov., Fl. Ark. 

 221; Engl. Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. Ill, 1, 57. 



North America: S. Maine, W. Ont. to Minn.; S. to N. 

 J., Ga., Tex.; W. to Kan. and Ark. 



Minn, valley: Forest district throughout; woods and 

 hillsides. 



Herb. : Sheldon 475, Madison Lake, Blue Earth Co. ; 

 Taylor 332, Janesville; Ballard 329n, Belle Plaine; Sandberg 

 499, Red Wing; Holzinger 254, Winona Co. 



Quercus rubra Linn. Spec. 996 (1753). 

 Q. amhigua Michx. Am. Arb. II, 120 (1810). 

 Q. coccinea var. ? rubra Spach, Veg. II, 165 (1834). 

 Q.. i-ubra var. runcinata A. DC. Prodr. XVI, 2, 60 (1864). 

 Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 477; Britt., Fl. N.'J. 224; Webb., 

 Fl. Neb. 109; Upham, FL Minn. 127; Chap., Fl. S. St. 422; Mac, FL Can. 

 I, 442; II, 356; Cov., FL Ark. 221: Engl. Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. Ill, 1, 56. 



North America: Q., Out. to height of land W. of L. 

 Superior, at L. Namakeen; S. to N. J. and Fla. ; W. to 

 Minn., Neb,. Kan., Mo. and Ark. 



