LIST OF HIGHER SEED-PRODUCING PLANTS. 459 



15; Rocky mts., 5; S. Sts., 10; California, 5; E. Sts., 6; PL 

 Wheel., 6; Canada, 3; PI. King, 2; W. Tex. 11. 



Fossil species: Solanites, Oligocene — Aix {Saporta). 



Solamim nigrum Linn. Spec. 266 (1753). 

 (S. pterocaulon ) 



S. crenato - dentatum I DC. Prodr. XIII, 359 (1852). 

 S. ptycanthum \ 



Wats, and Coult., Gray's Man. 6 ed. 374; Britt., Fl. N. J. 181; Upham, 

 Fl. Minn. Ill; Mac, Fl. Can. I, 348; Chap., Fl. S. St. 348; Webb., Fl. Neb. 

 136; Coult.,, Fl. Colo. 268; Brew, and Wats., Fl. Calif. I, 538; Forbes and 

 Hems., Fl. Sin. II, 171; Hook., Fl. Gt. Brit. 287; Led., Fl. Ross. Ill, 188; 

 Nym.,Fl. Eur.; Herd., Fl. Eur. Euss. 94; Wats., King Exp. 274; Roth., 

 Wheel. Exp. 207: Cov., Fl. Ark. 207; Gray, Syn. Fl. II, 1, 227; Hart., Fl. 

 Scand. I, 103; Engl. v. Wetts., Nat. Pflanz. IV, 3 h, 22; Coult., Fl.Tex. 297. 

 Cosmopolitan, temperate and tropical regions. 

 North America: Throughout, except far north. 

 Minn, valley: Throughout; common; low damp and 

 rich soil; shaded places. 



Herb.: Taylor 903, Glenwood; Ballard 494, Prior's 

 lake, Scott Co. ; Ballard 778, Swan lake, Carver Co. ; Sheldon 

 1013, Sleepy Eye; Holzinger 180, Winona Co.; Sandberg 459, 

 •Cannon Falls; Holzinger 181, Winona; Kassube 197, Minneapo- 

 lis; Herrick 246, Minneapolis; Herb. Sheld. 1744, Minneapolis; 

 Hei'b. Sheld. 1673, Ft. Snelling; Herb. Wickersheim 105, Ash lake, 

 Lincoln Co. 



XCVI. SCROPHULARI ACEAE. Figwort 

 Family. 



Endlicher, Gen. PL 670; DC, Prodr. X, 187 (l8i(i)—Personatae, Antir- 

 rhineae, Bhinanthaceae; Bentham and Hooker, Gen. Plant. II, 913 (1876); 

 Baillon, Hist. PL IX, 413 (1888,; v. Wettstein in Engler and Prantl, NaL 

 Pflanz. IV, 3 h, 39 (1891). 



Genera: 150 ±, temperate and tropical regions. N. 

 America, 38 gen., 380 spec; Europe, 30 gen., 430 spec. {v. 

 Wettst.). 



Species: 2100 ±; 3-4 fossil, doubtful. 



SCROPHULARIA Linn. Gen. 494 (1737). 

 Ceremauthe Reich. Sax. Fl. 230 (1842). 

 Benth. and Hook., Gen. PL II, 937; Durand, Ind. Gen. Phan. 293; Bail- 

 lon, HisL PL IX, 430; Engler and Prantl, Nat Pflanz. IV, 3 b, 65; 

 •Schenck, Palaeophyt. 778. 



Living species: 114; extra-tropical regions of N. hem- 

 isphere; especially abundant in the Mediterranean region. 



