Dipsacus. DIPSACACE.E. 47 



* * rriiif strong]}' carinate-angled dorsalh': cotyledons acciimbent (transverse) to the ventral face. 

 ■i— Wings conspicuous, more or less introrse, in the last species small. 



V. COngesta, Lindl. Commonly rather stout : flowers in a capituliform or oblong simple 

 or interrupted thyrsus, or sparingly verticillastrate below : corolla rose or flesh-colored, 3 or 

 4 lines long or in some individuals smaller, with obviously bilabiate limb, and spur half or 

 less the length of the very gibbous throat : fruit broadly winged, and with prominent but 

 rather obtuse keel, from glabrous to puberulent or sometimes thickly short-villous either on 

 fertile cell or on wings also. — Bot. Keg. t. 1094 ; Gray, 1. c. Plectritis congesta, DC. Prodr. 

 iv. 631 ; Hook. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 287. P. brachi/stemon, Fisch. & 

 Meyer, Ind. Sem. Petrop. 1835, Suppl. 47 {•22), a form with smaller flowers (the state with 

 included stamens and style) and villous-pubescent fruit, according to specimen from St. 

 Petersb. garden ; but the char, of flowers, four times smaller than in P. congesta and white, 

 would 1)8 that of V. macrocera. — Low and moist ground, Brit. Columbia to W. California. 



V. anomala, Gray. Either slender or rather stout, freely branching : corolla only a line 

 long, white or flesh-colored, wholly destitute of spur, at most a small mamma;form gibbosity 

 near the base of the short and broadly funnelform throat ; limb small, obscurely bilabiate 

 (usually 4-lobed and posterior lobe emarginate or 2-cleft) : fruit comparatively large (mostly 

 a line aad a half long), acutely angled with sharp edge on the back, with broad wings usually 

 inflexed at base and expanding above, but some fruits wingless. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 83. 

 — Wet grounds on and near the Columbia River; Multnomah Co., Oregon, Howell, and 

 Klickitat Co., Washington Terr., Suksdorf. 



V. aphanoptera, Gray, 1. c. Slender, with aspect and inflorescence of the next : corolla 

 only a line long, white, with obviously bilabiate limb and short basal spur: fruit puberulent 

 or glabrate, trigonous ; dorsal angle salient but rather obtuse ; lateral angles with distinct but 

 narrow incurved wings. — Springy ground on hillsides, along the Columbia River, Washing- 

 ton Terr., Suksdorf. Columbia Plains, Nuttall, under unpublished name of Plectritis capi- 

 tata, appears to be the same ; specimen insufficient. 



•^ -f— Wings wholly wanting to the triquetrous fruit, tlie lateral angles of wliich resemble the 

 Am-?s\\.—Bttckea, DC. 



V. samolif olia, Gray, 1. c. A span to a foot high : verticillastrate clusters 2 to 4, small : 

 bracts slender-subulate (not pinuately parted as Hoeck states, but uppermost sometimes pal- 

 mately 3-parted) : corolla a line or so in length, obscurely bilabiate, with short conical-saccate 

 spur : akene-like fruit of the shape of buckwheat, glabrous or a little pubescent, in Chilian 

 plants hardly, in ours rather over, a line long. — Betckea samolifolia, DC. 1. c. 642. B. major, 

 Fisch. & Meyer, 1. c. (5) 30. Plectritis samolifolia & P. major, Hceck in Engler, Jahrb. iii. 37. 

 — Low grounds on the Columbia River, Washington Terr., Oregon (Suksdorf), and coast of 

 California, coll. by the Russian botanists. (Chili, smaller form.) 



Order LXXII. DIPSACACE^. 



Herbs (all of the Old World) ; with opposite or verticillate leaves, no stipules, 

 capitate and involucrate inflorescence ; the flowers subtended by bracts, and each 

 with a more or less obvious involucel, hermaphrodite ; calyx-tube adnata to the 

 one-celled simple ovary ; corolla epigynous ; stamens inserted on its tube alter- 

 nate with its lobes, of equal number or fewer, wholly unconnected ; style fili- 

 form and stigma simple ; ovule solitary and suspended, anatropous ; seed with 

 a straight embryo in fleshy albumen. Corolla irregular or nearly regular ; the 

 lobes imbricated in the bud. Fruit an akene, more or less adnate to the involucel 

 which embraces it. 



ScABi6sA atropurpiJrea, L., Sweet ScABiors of the gardens, is familiar; and one 

 or two of the following genus have become spontaneous. 



1. DiPSACUS, Tourn. Teasel. (Greek and Latin name of Teasel, said 

 to come from Sti/^as, thirsty.) — Flowers in a terminal head or short spike, in which, 



