70 COMPOSITE. 



toother]. Involucre oliloug-campauulate, of lanceolate thin-herbaceous bracts, deciduous at 

 maturity : bracts of tlie nearly flat receptacle similar but thinner, only between the disk and 

 ray, distinct. Akenes all clavate, with attenuate base, symmetrical, 10-costate, the ribs or 

 the alternate oues tuberculate-scabrous at maturity ; those of the ray slightly obcompressed, 

 rounded at apex and with slightly protubei-ant areola, not rarely an aboitive pappus iu the 

 form of a minute denticulate crown ; those of the disk chiefly fertile, tlie truncate apex 

 beariug a large pappus of 10 elongated-oblong obtuse silvery -scarious paleie, the 5 iuuer as 

 long as the corolla and akeue, the alternate outer ones shorter. 



126. LAGOPHYLLA. Heads several-flowered: ray-flowers about 5, Avith 3-parted or 

 deeply 3-cleft ligules : disk-flowers sterile, with 5-lobed corollas. Bracts of the involucre 

 thin-herbaceous, deciduous with tiie enclosed akene : bracts of the small receptacle 5 to 12 

 between the ray and disk. Akenes of the disk slender, abortive, destitute of pappus or 

 with some caducous bristles ; of tiie ray obcompressed, oblong-obovate, smootli aaid glabrous, 

 nearly straight, tlie areola not protuberant, rarely a saucer-shaped cup iu place of pappus. 



127. LAYIA. Heads many-flowered, liroad : ray-flowers 8 to 20, with 3-lobed or toothed 

 ligules : disk-flowers fertile, or the central sometimes infertile ; their corollas cylindraceous- 

 funnelforni and 5-lobed. Bracts of the involucre flattened on the back below, with almiptly 

 dilated thin margins infolded .so as to enclose the ray-itkene. Receptacle broad and flat, 

 bearing a series of thin chaffy bracts between the ray- and disk-flowers, sometimes additional 

 more scarious oues among the flowers. Akenes of the ray obcompressed, obovate-obloug or 

 narrowei', almost always smooth and glabrous, destitute of pappus (or rarely a crown or 

 vestige), tlie terminal areola so\newliat protuberant and disciform; those of the disk similar 

 or more liuear-cuneate, mostly pubescent, bearing a pappus of 5 to 20 bristles, awns, or 

 palete, or rarely none. 



Tribe VI. HELENIOIDE^E. HeaiLs heterogamous and the ligulate ray-flowere mostly 

 fertile, or houiogamous ; the di.sk-flowers hennuphrodite and fertile, rarely some infer- 

 tile, with regular 4-5-toothed tubular corolla. Receptacle naked, i. e. destitute of 

 bracts {ixilece), but rarely fiml)rillate. Bracts of the involucre herbaceous or memljra- 

 naceous, not scarious. Style-branches of hermaphrodite flowers with either truncate 

 or appendiculate tips. Pappus paleaceous or aristiform, or son^etimes plurisetose, but 

 the bristles when capillary always more or less rigid. — A peculiarly American tribe, 

 differing from the preceding in the total absence of receptacular bracts ; some genera 

 with setose pappus making transition to the Seneciojiidece ; others, with short papjjus 

 or none, to the Antheimdece. 



Subtribe I. Jaumie^. Involucre of broad bracts imbricated in two or more series. 

 Ligules not persistent. Akenes 5-angled or terete and several-nerved. Many-flow- 

 ered heads in ours radiate, and the ray-flowers fertile. No oil-glands. 



* Receptacle setose-fimbrillate, convex : pappus plurisetose. 



128. CLAPPIA. Involucre hemispherical, of rather few oval and very obtuse somewhat 

 striate coriaceous bracts, imbricated in 2 or 3 series. Rays 12 to 15, lineiu", 3-denticulate 

 at apex. ])isk-corollas with slender tube and campanulate 5-cleft limb. Style-branclies 

 conical-tipped. Akenes ecpuxlled by the very slender flmbrilbo of the receptacle, oblong- 

 tarbinate, terete, 8-10 nerved, hirtellous on the nerves. Pappus of 20 to 25 rigid and 

 somewhat paleolate hispidulous-scabrous distinct bristles, broader toward the base, longer 

 than tlie akene. Frutictilose, with alternate fleshy leaves. 



* * Receptacle naked : pappus in ours none. 



129. JAUMEA. Invi>lucre campanulate, its bracts flesliy or membranaceous, the outer 

 shorter. Corollas glabrous. Receptacde in oui-s conical. Style-l)ranches ])apillose or hairy, 

 truncate or short-conical at tip. Akenes 10-nerved: pappus iu exotic species of narrow and 

 pointeil or awned strongly 1 -nerved paleaj, in oiu\s none. 



130. VENEGASIA. InvoliK're very broad, of 2 or 3 series of roundish membranaceous 

 erect bracts, some innermost uaiTower and scarious, and a series of outer and loose narrower 

 herbaceous ones. Receptacle flat. I\ays numerous, elongated, entire or 3-tootlied at the 

 narrow apex : tube of corollas glandular-bearded, especially at base. Style-branches very 

 obtuse. Akenes many-nerved, destitute of pappus. 



