84 COMPOSITE. 



and \ve]l-definal)le subtribes being still a desideratum, artificial sections based pri- 

 marily on the pappus are here employed.) 



Series I. Pappus none : receptacle naked. 



* Akenes truncate at base and apex, short, smooth : leaves all radical : involucre of nearly 

 nerveless bracts, nearly unchanged in fruit, rather many-flowered. 



207. PHALACROSERIS. Involucre of 12 to 16 equal and nearly herbaceous lanceolate 

 bracts, naked or loosely unibracteate at base. Akenes short-obloug, slightly iucurved, 

 obscurely quadrangular : pericarp tliiu-coriaceous. Scajje naked, monocephalous : flowers 

 yellow. 



208. ATRICHOSERIS. Involucre of 12 or more equal lanceolate bracts, and calyculate 

 with a few niinate ones. Akenes oblong, with corky pericarp, more or less 8-10-costate, the 

 alternate ribs tliicker. Scape l)racteate and polycephalous : flowers white and purplish. 



211. KRIGIA, & 219. MICROSERIS, very rarely want the pappus, or nearly so. 



* * Akenes with rounded or somewhat contracted apex and small areola, narrow at base : 

 involucre of several one-nerved equal bracts, unchanged or concave-convex in fruit, 8-20- 

 flowered ; corollas yellow. 



209. LAMPSANA. Involucre narrow, minutely calyculate-bracteate at base ; the true 

 bracts carinate, at least in fruit, then erect. Akenes narrowly obovate-oblong and some- 

 what obcompressed, minutely uervose-striate, smooth. Leafy-stemmed and branching Old 

 World annuals. 



210. APOGON. Involucre not calyculate, of usually 8 oblong-lauceolate herbaceous bracts, 

 in fruit becoming rather ovate by l)roadening of the base, concave and the tips conniving. 

 Akenes terete, obovoid, merely rounded at summit, 10-costate, obscurely scabrous-lineolate 

 transversely, rarely an obsolete vestige of pappus. Low annuals, becoming caulescent. 



Series II. Pappus paleaceous or partly so, or aristiform, or plumose. 



* Involucre simple and naked, i. e. of equal bracts and no short calyculate ones at base : 

 akenes truncate: pappus of palete and (usually) of bristles: receptacle naked. 



211. KRIGIA. Heads several-many-flowered. Bracts of the involucre thin-herbaceous. 

 Akenes short-columnar or turbinate, pluricostate, terete or somewhat angular, with broad 

 truncate summit. Pappus double ; outer of pointless thin pale:>; ; inner of delicate naked 

 bristles, the.se rarely wanting in one species. Flowers yellow. 



* * Involucre either calyculate or imbricated, i. e. principal bracts equal and some short 

 ones at base, or of less unequal bracts in two or more sei'ies, simple only in Traijopogon. 



H— Akenes usually sliort, with truncate summit (sometimes a little narrowed beneath it, not 

 rostrate) : receptacle not chaffy : flowers never yellow: caulescent, with small or reduced 

 leaves on tlie rigid stems or branches : flowers matutinal. 



212. CICHORIUM. Heads several-many-flowered. Involucre doulile ; its bracts herba- 

 ceous witli coriaceous and indurating base, those of the inner series partly enclosing the 

 subtended akenes, the 4 or 5 outer more spreading and herbaceous. Akenes somewhat' 

 angled ; the broad summit bordered with a crOwn-like pappus of numerous short and blunt 

 paleiE, in 2 or more series. Flowers normally blue. 



213. STEPHANOMERIA. Heads .5-1 2-flowered, rarely 3-20-flowered. Involucre cylin- 

 draceous or oblong, oi several appressed and equal plane membranaceous bracts and some 

 short calyculate ones, not rarely with 2 or 3 of intermediate length, thus becoming imbri- 

 cate. Akenes 5-augled or ribbed, sometimes with intermediate ribs. Pappus a series of 

 plumose bristles, or rarely chaffy awns, not rarely naked toward the bases, wdiich sometimes 

 are lightly connate in phalanges. Flowers pink or rose color. 



214. CHJETADELPHA. Heads about 5-flowered. Involucre of Stephanomeria, cylin- 

 draceous, the accessory calyculate bracts very small, the membrauaceous proper ones 5. 

 Akenes short-linear, 5-angled, very smooth. Pappus of 5 rigid upwardly tapering awns, 

 which bear on e.ach side toward the base 3 to 5 rather shorter and slender rigid bristles. 

 Flowers rose-color. 



4— H— Akenes long-rostrate, base more or less excavated at insertion : receptacle naked : 

 heads rather many-flowered : papjius a series of long-plumose bristles or awns. 



