112 COMPOSITE. Liatris. 



= = Leaves all very slender: heads 4 or 5 lines long. 



Li. tenuifolia, Nutt. Glabrous or with a few briistles below : stem strict and slender, 2 to 

 4 feet high : leaves rigid, attenuate-linear and wlieu dry with revolute margins ; radical and 

 lower cauliue very numerous and crowded, a foot or less long, a line or two wide ; upper 

 cauline short, becoming acerose or filiform and reduced to setaceous bracts : heads about 

 5-flowered and 4 lines long, very numerous iu a strict virgate raceme (of a foot or two iu 

 length), which occasionally develops into a panicle: involucre of about 10 oblong bracts, 

 not punctate, the inner more or less scarious and purplish : pappus strongly barbellate. — 

 Gen. ii. 1.31 ; Ell. Sk. ii. 275 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. L. Icevigata, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. 

 285, a large form with coarser radical leaves. — Dry pine barrens, N. Carolina to Ilorida. 

 *+ ++ Involucral bracts or most of them acuminate or niucronate-tipped, 

 = Hirsute with short manj^-jointed hairs. 



L. Garberi, Gray. A foot or two high, hirsute with many-jointed spreading hairs, or the 

 linear and rigid strongly punctate leaves glabrate : ttpper leaves very short, linear-subulate, 

 erect : heads 6-7-flowered, 5 or 6 lines long, crowded in a dense spike : involucre campanu- 

 late ; its bracts (about 10) greenish and very glandular-punctate, villous-hirsute, in age 

 glabrate ; outer ones ovate, inner oblong, all obtuse aiid conspicuously mucroiiate-pointed ; 

 pappus minutely barbellate. — Proc. Am. Acad. xv. 43. — Tampa, Florida, Garber. 



= = Involucre glabrous or nearly so, narrow, indistinctly glandular-punctate, 3-5-flowered 

 (In-acts variable): pappus more distinctly barbellate toward the base. 



L. Chapmanii, Torr. & Gray. Tomeutulose-puberulent, glabrate : stem a foot or two 

 high, strict and rigid : leaves short, linear, or the lower oblong-Iiuear and obtuse ( 1 to 3 

 inches long) and the upper small and narrow: heads numerous, mostly 3-flowered, erect in 

 a strict and dense virgate spike: involucre cyliudrical; its bracts thinuish, lanceolate or the 

 short outer ones oblong, mostly acute and mucronate or sliort-acuminate, sometimes point- 

 less : flowers large for the size of the head, two thirds of an inch long • pajjpus half-iuch long. 

 — Fl. ii. 502 ; Chapm. Fl. 191. — Dry sandy ridges. Middle Florida, first coll. by Chapman. 



L. pauciflora, Purj?ii. Glabrous or minutely puberuleut : stem slender, often weak and 

 declining : leaves rigid, linear, mostly narrow : heads numerous iu a virgate often secund 

 spiciform raceme (of 6 to 24 inches in length), when secund ou sliort spreading or recurving 

 pedicels : involucre cyliudraceous ; its bracts thinnish, oblong, or the short outermost oval 

 and tlie inner lanceolate, mostly miicronate-acute or acuminate : flowers 5 or 6 and pajjpus 

 4 or 5 lines long. — Fl. ii. 510; Chapm. 1. c. L. sccumla, Fll. Sk. ii. 278 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 

 ii. 71. — Sandy pine woods, S. Carolina to Florida. 



1 6. G-ARBERI A, Gray. (The late Br. A. P. Garber, the re-discoyerer.) — 

 Proc. Acad. Phihid. Nov. 1879, 379, '& Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 79.' Liatris 

 § Leptoclinium, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. ser. vii. 285 ; Torr. & Gray, 

 Fl. ii. 7G. Leptoclinium, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xv. 48, not Benth. & Hook. 



G. fruticosa, Gray, 1. c. Shrub 4 to 6 feet higli, branching, leafy : branchlets and involu- 

 cre puberuleut : leaves with base of a short petiole articulated witli the stem, vertical by a 

 twist, glabrous, pale and of the same hue both sides, nearly veinless, ol)Ovate, refuse (barely 

 inch long): heads (half-inch long) numerous in fastigiate naked terminal cymes: involucre 

 much shorter than the pappus. — Liatris fruticosa, Kiitt. iu Am. Jour. Sci. v. 299. Lepto- 

 clinium fruticosiim, (>ray, 1. c. — S. Florida, Ware, Garber. Found by the latter on dry sand- 

 ridges of the western coast, at Tampa Bay. Lower leaves opposite according to Nuttall. 



17. CARPHEPHORUS, Cass. (Kapc^o?, chaff, and <^opd?, bearing.) — 

 Perennials, with no bulbiform stock or tuber ; tlie rose-purple or white flowers in 

 cymosely disposed heads; all N. American, late-flowering. — Bull. Philom. 1816, 

 & Diet. vii. 148; DC. Prodr. v. 132 (one species) ; Torr. & Gra}', Fl. ii. 65. 



§ 1. Pappus of copious and unequal minutely barbellate bristles, occupying 

 more than one series : flowers purple : stem simple, leafy : even the lowest leaves 

 alternate, cauline ones sessile : Atlantic-States species, herbs. 



