128 COMPOSITE. Aplopappus. 



striate : pappus rigidulous, rufous. — Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 354, & Bot. Calif, i. 312. — Sierra 

 Nevada, California, at 8,500 to 9,000 feet, in open woods, Sonora Pasg, Bolander, and on 

 bleak summits in Siskiyou Co., Greene, Primjle. Involucre ratlier of the Ertcamevia section. 



* * * Heads conspicuously radiate, large and showy: rays fertile, very numerous, half-mch to 

 inch long: invohicre well imbricated, of numerous oblong to lanceolate firm bracts: akenes 

 (and ovaries) wholly glibrous, flat and rather broad: pajjpus pale: style-appendages broadish, 

 oblong to lanceolate, shorter or not longer than the stiginatic portion: wholly herbaceous peren- 

 nials, smooth and glabrous, except some soft-villous pubescence or tomentuni when young: 

 leaves coriaceous, entire. 



H— Stems equably and very leafy up to the sessile or subsessile heads. 

 A. Premonti, Gr.\y. A foot or less high, from slender lignesceut rootstocks, simple or 

 fastigiately branclied above; leaves lanceolate (2 to 4 inches long, 3 to 8 lines wide), ob- 

 scurely 3-5-nerved ; lower narrowed and upper partly clasping at base: involucre (inch or 

 less high) broadly campannlate ; its bracts broadly lanceolate, conspicuously and often 

 cuspidately acuminate : rays half-inch long • style-appendages ovate-oblong, obtuse : akenes 

 obovate, striate-nerved, almost as long as the rigid pappus. — Proc. Acad. Philad. 1863, 65 ; 

 Porter & Coulter, Fl. Colorad. 67. Pijrrocoma foliosa, Gray in Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 

 V. 109. — Plains and rocky hills, Coloi-ado, common on the Arkansas from Pueblo upward; 

 first coll. by Fremont. 



Var. ^W^ardi. Dwarf : fascicled stems only a span high : leaves proportionally small, 

 linear-lanceolate, destitute of lateral nerves ; heads one-half smaller, 2 or 3 in a terminal 

 glomerule : akenes double the lengtli of the scanty jiappus. — Wyoming (probably in south- 

 western part), L. F. Ward. 



■i— H— Stems simple, sohtary or several from a thick caudex, above with decreasing or sparse 

 leaves and solitaiy or few nalved and usually pedunculate heads, at base a tuft of ample lanceo- 

 late- or spatulate-oblong radical leaves (in the manner of the preceding and succeeding sub- 

 divisions): involucre hemispherical or broader: rays 30 to 50. 



A. croceus, Gray. Stem stout and erect, commonly a foot or two high, and with radical 

 leaves a foot or less long (including the petiole) . cauline leaves ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 

 partly clasping (upper an inch or two long) : head mostly solitary: involucre a full inch in 

 diameter ; its bracts ovate to spatulate-oblong, very obtuse, lax, inner Avith scarions ero.se- 

 denticnlate margins: rays saffron-yellow, sometimes inch long: akenes narrowly oblong, 

 nearly the leugtii of tiie pappus. — Proc. Acad. Philad. I.e. — Rocky Mountains of Colorado, 

 especially in Middle Park, first coll. by Parry. A dwarf form in N. Arizona, Rnfihij. 



A. integrifolius, T. C. Porter. Stems several from the caudex, ascending, a foot or less 

 high : radical leaves 3 to 8 inches (including short petiole or tapering base) ; cauline lanceo- 

 late, or small uppermost linear: heads solitary or 2 or 3 in axils, smaller than in foregoing : 

 involucral bracts narrowly oblong to linear-lanceolate, some loose outer ones tisually eciualling 

 tlie disk and more foliaceous: rays bright yellow, half-inch long: immature akenes olilong. 

 — Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 79. — Mountain meadows, Wyoming and Montana, Burke (in 

 herb. Hook.), J. M. Coulter, Watson, Canbij. Verges to the larger-flowered form of the next 

 species. 



* * * * Heads conspicuously radiate, smaller: rays fertile, half to barely quarter inch long; 

 akenes turbinate or oblong, silky-pubescent or villous: style-appendages from ovate to subulate, 

 shorter or rarely longer than the stigmatic portion. (Here A. Whitneyi might be sought.) 



•i- Perennial herbs, with mostly simple stems and a 'uft of radical leaves from a thickened 

 somewhat fusiform caudex: leaves coriaceous and when dry rigid, entire or spinulosc-serrate, 

 the cauline diminished upward: heads solitary or rather few, pedunculate: involucre hemi- 

 spherical or broader, of firm and herbrtceous-ti])pcd or foliaceous liracts : rays 20 to 50: pappus 

 pale or merely sordid, rather soft and line: herliage more or less Hocculent-tonientosc when 

 young, glabrate in age and smooth. — § Arnicella, Torr. & Gray, partly of Benth. & Hook. 



A. uniflorus, Torr. & Gray. Stems a span to barely a foot higli, ascending or erect, 

 sometimes 5-6leaved, sometimes ratiicr scapiform or upper leaves reduced and bract-like, 

 bearing a solitary head, rarely one or two from lower axils : leaves lanceolate or sometimes 

 broader ; radical 2 or 3 inches long and usually petioled : involucre commonly half-inch higli 

 and the linear or oblong-linear bracts all of same lengtli, ratlier loose, outer all foliaceous : 

 rays in larger heads 40 or 50. — A. uniflorux & A. inuloides, Torr. & Gray, PI. ii. 241. Donia 

 unijiora, Hook. Fl. ii. 25, t. 124. Ilomopappus inuloides, Nutt. Traus. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. 333, 



