154 COMPOSITE. SoUdago. 



b. Less leafy, or leaves toward the naked panicle small compared with the lower, which are con- 

 tracted or tapering into a conspicuous narrowed base or winged petiole: veins inconspicuous: 

 panicle commonh' narrow, or its branches sliort: plants wholly smooth and glabrous, except 

 the somewhat ciliolate-scabious margins to the leaves, in drier ground sometimes obscurely 

 scabrous. 



S. neglecta, Tore. & Gray. Stem strict and simple, 2 to 4 feet high : leaves bright green, 

 lanceolate or the larger oblong-lauceolate, acute, mostly serrate or serrulate ; radical ones 

 ample (often a foot or more long, iucludiug the elongated petiole) : panicle generally thyr- 

 soid and narrow, of short and crowded more or less secund clusters, or iu larger plants more 

 compound with spreading racemiform branches : heads at most 3 lines long : involucral 

 bracts oblong-linear : rays 3 to 7 and disk-flowers 5 to 7 : akenes from sparsely puberulent 

 to glabrous. — Fl. ii. 213; Gray, Man. ed. 2, 204. — In swamps, especially in sphaguous 

 bogs, or on their borders, Lower Canada to Maryland, west to Illinois and Wisconsin. Forms 

 with almost entire leaves and strict panicle too nearly approach *S'. id'Kjinosa , Nutt., while 

 some with large and serrate leaves are more like S. arguta. The most slender is 



Var. linoides. Stem simple, commonly 2 feet high, slender : radical leaves 4 to 8 

 inches long, a third to half inch wide ; upper cauline very small and erect : panicle of rather 

 few and approximate racemiform secund clusters : heads rather smaller : rays only 2 or 3. 

 — S. ull<jinosa, Nutt. in Jour. Acad. Phllad. vii. 101, iu part, but not of his own herb, nor 

 descr. S. linoides, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 216, not of Solaud. iu herb. Banks, which is 

 S. stricta, Ait. Bigeloeia ? uniligidata, DC. Prodr. v. 329. Chrijsoma iinilicjulata, Kutt. 

 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 325. — Sphagnous swamps, Massachusetts to New Jersey. 



S. Terrae-Novae, Torr. & Gray. Still obscure species, probably a form of S. neglecta, 

 somewhat dwarfed and with a corymbosely paniculate thyrsus : iuvolucral bracts rather 

 thinner and narrower. — Fl. ii. 206. — Sphagnous bogs, Newfoundland, Py /a i'e, M/ss Brenton. 



c. Stems not strict, disposed to branch below the inflorescence: racemiform clusters of the in- 

 florescence often leafv-bracteate, rather rigid, sparse and ascending, or forming a loose elon- 

 gated thyrsus: leaves more veiny and serrate; cauline commonly abruptly contracted into a 

 petiole-like or narrow base: rays not numerous, sometimes wanting: bracts of the involucre 

 rather linn, obtuse, mostly greenish toward the tip. 



S. Boottii, Hook. Sometimes minutely scabrous-pubescent, or below hirsute with jointed 

 hairs, often (juite glabrous : stem slender, 2 to 5 feet high : leaves rather finely serrate with 

 ascending teeth ; radical and lower cauline from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate (the 

 larger 3 to 5 inches long, besides the petiole-like ba.se) ; upper small, oblong to narrowly 

 lanceolate, often entire: heads (2 and 3 lines loug) rather loosely racemose: bracts of the 

 campanulate involucre oblong-linear : rays 2 to 4 or rarely 5, sometimes solitary or uoue : 

 akenes pubescent. — Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 97 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 215. S. juncea, DC. Prodr. 

 V. 334, not Ait. — Dry wooded grouud, Virginia to Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. The 

 larger forms northward nearly approach tlie next species. Southward the smaller ones 

 pass iuto 



Var. brachyphylla, Gray. More slender ; the flowering liranches even filiform : 

 larger leaves an inch or two Tong, all from ovate to oblong, seldom acuminate, commonly 

 obtuse, upper reduced to half or quarter inch, sessile by a broad base : heads sparse, 4-7- 

 flowered: rays none or an imperfect one. — Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 195. S. b)-achi/phi/lla, 

 Chapm. iu Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 215, & Fl. 213. — Dry woodlands, Georgia and Florida, 

 CItiipman, &c. 



Var. Ludoviciana, Gray, 1. c. Perhaps a distinct species, stouter, tall, rather large- 

 leaved : lower leaves and lower jiart of the stem sometimes roughish-hirsute or hispidulous 

 witli many-jointed hairs, or glabrous: heads larger, even 4 lines loug! — S. Bouttii,\av. i, 

 pai tly, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — W. Louisiana, Hale. 



S. arguta, Ait. Glabrous, sometimes slightly pilose-pubescent : stem 2 to 4 feet high : leaves 

 thinnish (in shade membranaceous), usually ample ; the lower and larger 5 to 9 inches long, 

 ovate or oval, acuminate, very strongly and sliarply (or even doubly) serrate with .silient 

 teeth ; upper reduced to oblong-lanceolate, only the small ones of the branches entire : heads 

 somewhat crowded on tlie bi'anches of the irregular panicle, fully 3 lines long: involucral 

 bracts oblong-linear: rays 5 to 7, rather large: disk-flowers 10 to 12: akenes glabrous or 

 sometimes . slightly pubescent. — Ait. Kew. iii. 213; Pursh,Fl. ii. 538; Muhl. Cat.; Darlingt. 

 Fl. Cest. 458 ; DC. Prodr. v. 333 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 180, 195 ; not Torr. & Gray, 



