156 COMPOSITE. SoUdago. 



Var. extraria, Gray, 1. c. A foot or two high, robust: leaves broader (the largest 

 sometimes au iuch wide), sparingly serrate or entire : heads rather larger: rays more con- 

 spicuous. — Dry ground, in the mountains, Colorado to S. Arizona, Furry, Hall & Harbour, 

 Greene, Pn'm/le, Lemmon, &c. 



S. Gattingeri, Chapm. iued. Slender, mostly strict and barely 2 feet high : branches and 

 inflorescence perfectly smooth and glabrous : leaves ciliolate ; lowest cauliue and radical 

 lanceolate-spatulate, appressed-serrulate, obviously triplinerved ; upper cauline mainly entire 

 and without lateral ribs, oblong-lanceolate and au inch or so long, and the upper reduced to 

 half or cjuarter iuch, but near the inflorescence very small and bract-like : racemiform clus- 

 ters of small heads open and spreading, not recurving, disposed to form a corymbiform very 

 naked panicle : involucral bracts oblong, very ol)tuse, yellowish in the dried plant : flowers 

 15 to 20 in tlie head : akenes appressed-puberulent or the lower part glabrous. — .^. Missonri- 

 ensis, var. pinnihi, Chapm. Fl. Suppl. 627. — Rocky barrens and cedar glades, Rutherford Co., 

 Tennessee, Galtinc/er. Between the preceding and the following. 



S. Shortii, Toer. & Gray. Slender, 2 to 4 feet high : upper part of stem and flowering 

 branches scabrous with minute appressed puberuleuce : leaves bright green, oblong-lanceo- 

 late, rather short (longer only 2 or 3 inches long, toward the inflorescence moderately 

 reduced), acute, mostly with a few small serratures: pauicle oblong or pyramidal; its 

 racemiform clusters commonly slender and soon recurving: heads narrow, 10-14-flowered : 

 involucral bracts narrowly oblong : akenes pubescent. — Fl. ii. 222. — Rocks, at the Falls of 

 the Ohio, near Louisville, Rajinescjiie, Short. N. W. Arkansas, F. L. Harvey. 



h. Leaves with entire and smooth margins: rays larger. 

 S. Marslialli, Rothr. Tall (only the upper part of stem known), slender : leaves linear- 

 lanceolate, acute ; the lateral ribs mostly obscure : pauicle naked, of loose recurving racemes ; 

 the rhachis and slender pedicels setaceously bracteate : heads 3 lines long, rather broad : 

 bracts of the involucre broadish, of firm texture, mostly greenish on the back : rays about 8, 

 and disk-flowers more numerous: akenes pubescent. — Rothrock in Wheeler Rep. vi. 146. 



— Mountains of S. Arizona, near the Chiricahua Agency, Lieut. Marshall. 



= = Leaves thinner, sometimes membranaceous: bracts of the involucre cliiefl\' linear, obtuse: 

 branches and upper part of the stem not rarely scabrOus-puberulent or minutely hair)-. 



S. Leavenwortllii, Torr. & Gray. Stem strict, slender, rigid, 2 to 4 feet high, scabro- 

 puberulcnt even to below the middle: leaves mostly linear (3 or 4 inches long and as many 

 lines wide), very sharply and finely serrate, both ribs and veins inconspicuous: heads 3 lines 

 long, in an ample open pani<:le : involucral bracts thin, linear, obtuse: ra^'s 10 or 12, small. 



— Fl. ii. 223; Chapm. Fl. 214. — Damp soil, Florida to S. Carolina, near the coast, Leacen- 

 icorlh, Chaptnun. 



S. rupestris, Raf. Stem lax, 2 or 3 feet high, smooth nearly to the small panicle : leaves 

 membranaceous, linear-lanceolate, sparsely and sharply serrulate or denticulate, or the upper 

 entire (1 to 3 inches long) : heads very small (barely 2 lines long) : rays 4 to 6, small. — 

 Ann. Nat. 14; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 225. — Rocky banks of streams, along the Ohio River, 

 Kentucky, Indiana, and Western Virginia. Probably only an extreme glabrous form of 

 S. Canadensis. 



S. serotina, Ait. Stem stout, 2 to 7 feet high, very smooth and glabrous up to or near 

 the ample jjanicle, sometimes glaucous : leaves commonly ample, lanceolate or broader (3 to 6 

 inches long), sharply and saliently serrate, in the typical plant glabrous both sides: heads 

 crowded, rather large and full (3 lines long) : rays 7 to 14, moderately large and conspicuous : 

 bracts of the involucre broadly linear or linear-ol)long. — Kew. iii. 211; Gray, Proc. Am. 

 Acad. xvii. 179, 196. S. <ii(i<intea, Willd. Spec. iii. 2056, and subsecjueut autliors. 5. rjlahra, 

 Desf. Cat. ed. 3, 402 ; DC. Prodr. v. 331. S. frar,rans, Hort. Par., not Willd. S. Pitcheri, 

 Nutt. Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 101, & Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. 326, forms with broad and 

 comparatively short leaves and rather smaller heads. S. elongata, var., Torr. & Gray, 1. c, in 

 part. — Moist or rich soil, Newfoundland to Brit. Columbia, Oregon, and south to Texas. 

 Passes insensibly into 



Var. gigantea, Gray, 1. c. Commonly tall, 5 to 8 feet high : leaves with the lateral 

 ribs more ]>rominent beneath, and these more or less ])ilose -pubescent or hispidulous, 

 sometimes tlic veins or even the whole under surface pubescent. — -S. (/If/aiilea, Ait. 1. c. 

 S. serotina, Willd.; Torr. & Gray, etc. — Chiefly in the Atlantic States, from Canada to 



