166 COMPOSITiE. Dichcetophom. 



ii. 209, referred (along with a siDecies of Perityle and an AchcBtogeroii) to a section 

 of Boltonia. 



D. campestris, Gray. A small and Daisy-like winter annual, at first acaulesceut with a 

 scapiforni peduncle (1 to 3 inches high), at length with leafy branches terminated by a slen- 

 der monocephalous peduncle : leaves spatulate, entire, somewhat hirsute ; head 2 or 3 lines 

 high, the ovate disk soon surpassing the involucre; rays 16 to 20, apparently white or rose- 

 color. — Pl.'Fendl. 73, perhaps excl. syn. Bruchi/come ? .ranthucomoide^!, Torr. & Gray. 11. 

 ii. 190, tlie specimen of which is too young for determination. — Southern borders of Texas, 

 Bcrtandier (uo. 1465, specimen too young), Hai-urd, in fruit. (Adj. Mex., Gregg, Palmer.) 



42. BOLiTONIA, L'ller. {James Bolton, an English botanical author.) 

 — Perennial and leafy-stemmed herbs (wholly of the United States), Aster-like, 

 glabrous, glaueescent, mostly tall ; with striate-angled stems, entire sessile leaves 

 commonly becoming vertical by a twist at base, rarely decurrent ; and with rather 

 showy heads ; the numerous rays white, purjilish, or violet ; fl. autumn. — Sert. 

 Angl. 27 (with figures cited which were never published) ; DC. Prodr. v. 301 ; 

 Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 209, excl. § Asteromoaa, Blume, which passes into Cali- 

 7neris, and also § 3, Avhich is a mixture. • Wings of the akene broadish and thin, 

 narrow and thickish, or obsolete in the same species, or even in the same head. 



* Stems (2 to 7 feet high) paniculately much branched and slender: heads small; the disk only 

 about 2 lines high and wide. 



B. diffusa, Ell. Lower leaves lanceolate ; upper linear, those of the loose and almost fili- 

 form flowering branches or branchlets becoming linear-subulate and minute: rays mostly 

 white, barely 2 lines long involucre as in tlie next, but the bracts more numerous and un- 

 equal. — Sk ii. 400 ; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 97 ; DC. 1. c. & Torr & Gray, 1. e., excl. syn. 

 B(jt Mag. — Low grounds, South Carolina to Texas and along the Mississippi region north 

 to Illinois. 



* * S"enis (2 to 8 feet high) simple and more cymose-panieiilate at summit: leaves broadly Im- 

 ceolate or the uppermost linear-lanceolate- heads short-pcduncled, larger; the disk in fruit a 

 third to half an inch in diameter: rays 4 to 6 lines long. 



B. asteroid.es, L"Her. Bracts of the involucre lanceolate, acute, mostly greenish : rays 

 from white to purplish or pale violet-color ' setulose squameH^iJ of the pappus mostly nu- 

 merous and cons])icuous . the two awns sometimes wanting or obsolete, more commonly 

 present and little shorter than the akene. — Matricaria asteroides, L. Mant. 116. M. glusti- 

 foha, llill, Hort. Kew. 19, t. 3. Chrjsunihemum Carolinianum, Walt. Car. 204. Boltonia 

 giastifoiia & B. asteroides, L'Her. 1. c. ; Michx. Fl. ii. 132 ; AVilld. Spec. iii. 2162 , Sims, Bot. 

 Mag. t. 2381 & 2554; DC. 1. c. — Moist or wet ground along streams, Pennsylvania to Illi- 

 nois and Florida. The awnless form (B. asteroules) is not constant to this character, but 

 is commonly smaller, and with fewer and smaller heads. 



Var. decurrens, Exgel.-\i. in herb. A large form (in cultivation 7 or 8 feet high), 

 with leaves alate-decurreut on the stem and even the branches ; the wings sometimes ending 

 below in a free and subulate point : pappus-awns slender. — Missouri, Eggert. 



B. latisquama, Grav. Heads rather larger and more showy rays blue-violet: bracts of 

 the involucre oblong to ovate, obtuse or mucronate-apiculate : awns of the pajipus uniformly 

 present and conspicuous, the setulo.se squamelL-e small. — Am. Jour, Sci. ser 2, xxxiii 238. 

 — Kansas and W. Missouri, near the mouth of the Kansas River, Parry. Now not rare in 

 cultivation, the handsomest species. 



Var. OCCidentalis. Heads rather smaller : rays white. — River-bottoms of Union 

 Co., Eastern t)regon, Cusick. 



43. TO"WNS]ENDIA, Hook. {David Toicnsend, botanical associate of 

 Dr. Darlington of Penn.) — Depressed or low many -stemmed herbs (of the 

 Rocky Mountains) ; with from linear to spatulate entire leaves, and comparatively 

 large heads, resembling those of Aster ; the numerous rays from violet or rose- 



