174 COMPOSIT.E. Aster. 



ri. ii. 502; Chapm. Fl. 199. Prionopsis? Chapmanii, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 245. — Low pine 

 barrens on the coast, Florida, Chapman, Rugel, Mohr. 



A. spinulosus, Chapm. Stem bearing few or several spicately disposed smaller heads : 

 leaves narrowly linear, attenuate (half to 2 lines wide) ; the lower and radical 6 to 12 inches 

 long, upper gradually reduced to setaceous-subulate appressed bracts ; tlie margins merely 

 spinulo.se-denticulate or mostly entire ; involucre campanulate, its bracts mostly subulate 

 from a broad base: rays half-inch long, pale violet. — Fl. 199. — Damp pine barrens, W. 

 Florida near the coast, Chapman. 



* * Leaves all entire, thickish: pubescence if any short and .scabrous: flowering in autumn. 



A. paludosus, Ait. Stems sometimes branching, a foot high, bearing few or several often 

 racemosely or spicately disposed heads (of half-inch lieiglit) : leaves from broadly to nar- 

 rowly linear (1 to 4 lines wide, 2 to 4 inches long): involucre nearly hemispherical; its 

 bracts more unequal, the outer lanceolate-subulate and lax, inner linear-spatulate with her- 

 baceous merely acute tips ; rays rather short, deep violet — Hort. Kew iii. 201 ; Ell. Sk. ii. 

 343; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 109; Chapm. 1. c. A. grandijiorus, Nutt. Gen. ii. 15G, not L. 

 Tripolium paludosuin, Nees, Ast. 155. Hehastrum paludosum, DC Prodr. v. 2G4. — Wet 

 pine barrens in tlie low country, N. Carolina to Texas, Arkansas, and Missouri. 



§ 4. HesperXstrum. Heads with neutral rays : bracts of the campanulate 

 involucre well imbricated and unequal, the outer with short herbaceous sjDread- 

 ing tips ' stjle-appendages slender-subulate : akenes narrow, hardly at all com- 

 pressed, 5-nerved and with intermediate striixj : pappus simple and soft. — Gray, 

 Bot. Calif, i. 323, & Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 97. (Resembling on the one hand 

 § Machceranthera, and Corethrogyne on the other.) 



A. Shastensis, Gray, l. c. A span or two high, in small tufts from a perennial root, 

 pauiculately branclied, slender, canescently puberulent; leaves entire, an inch or less long; 

 lower spatulate : uppermost linear and reduced to subulate bracts : heads rather numerous, 

 scattered: involucre (nearly half-inch high) somewhat viscid-glandular ; its bracts lanceolate 

 or linear, mostly with acute and spreading green tips: rays 12 to 20, violet, 3 to 5 lines long, 

 occasionally (var. eradintns) wanting — Mdchun'anthera (Hesperastrvm) Shastensis, Gray, 

 Proc Am, Acad. vi. 539. — California: on Mount Shasta, above and below the limit of trees, 

 first coll. by Brewer, and on Lassen's Peak, Mrs. Austin. The rayle.ss state on Scott Moun- 

 tains at 9,000 feet, Greene. 



§ 5. Bi6ti.\. Heads (small or middle-sized) corymbosely cymose ; bracts of 

 the campanulate well-imbricated involucre subcoriaceous and wholly appressed, 

 obtuse and merely greenish or thickish but not .spreading at the tip (transition to 

 § Orthomeris. but passing into the succeeding subsection) ; outer successively 

 shorter; rays not numerous (6 to 18), white or purplish-tinged; style-appendages 

 subulate-lanceolate : akenes 3-several-ribbed or nerved, hardly or moderately 

 coml^ressed, mostly linear : pappus slightly rigid, simple : radical and lower 

 cauline leaves cordate, on long naked petioles, ample, conspicuously serrate and 

 acuminate : fl. midsummer and early autumn. (Other Asters with cordate peti- 

 olate leaves are only the Heterophylli.) — Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 10-1. Biotia, 

 DC. Prodr. v. 2G4." 



A. corymbosus, Ait. Stem slender. 2 feet high, sometimes flexuous, terete: leaves 

 niemhranacecnxs, much longer than wide, gradually or very prominently acuminate and 

 acuminately serrate : involucre only one-fourth inch high, little surpassing the rather broadly 

 compressed fusiform akenes: rays 6 to 9, white. — Kew. iii. 207; Willd. Spec. iii. 2036; 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c. A. divaricatus, L. Spec, ii 873, as to herb., excl. syn. Gronov. & Pluk. 

 (which relate to A. injirmus), and cordate leaves not described; name to subside ^4. cordi- 

 fuliiis, Michx. Fl. ii. 114, in part. Euri/bia cor i/)nbosa, Cass. Diet, xxxvii 487; Nees, Ast. 

 143; Lindl. Bot. Reg t. 1532. Biotia corymbosa, DC. 1. c. 265. — Woodlands, Canada to 

 upper part of Georgia. 



