188 COMPOSITJE. Aster. 



not Ait. 1789, nor of Willd. A. Tradescanti, L. Spec. ii. 876, as to herb. ("H. U.") & Hort. 

 Ups. 262, not Hort. Cliif. & syn. Morison (whence the name Tradescanti) ; Ait. Kew. 1. c. 

 204, as to var. ftoribus caruleis. A. junceus, Ait. 1. c, as to pi. H. Kew. 1777 only. A. dra- 

 cunculoides, WillJ. Spec. iii. 2050, a form nearest to the preceding species, not Lam. A. re- 

 cun-atiis, Willd. Herb. fol. 1, but hardly of Spec. iii. 2047. A. lunceolatas, Willd. 1. c, & A. 

 hellidifloriis, "Willd. Enum., are cultivated forms. A. Lamarckianus, Nees, Ast. 100, at least 

 as to sva. Lam. A. tenuijhlius (Xees in part), and A. simplex, Torr. & Gray, 1. c, mainly, 

 and A.'earneus, Xees, Syn. 27 & Ast. 96, by the char., belong to this rather than to the next 

 species, as do some indigenous (but not original) specimens named by Nees. A. salici/nlius, 

 Scholler, Fl. Barb. Supph (1785), 328, — to which belong A. salir/nus, Willd. Spec. iii. 240, 

 A. simplex, Willd. Enum. 887, and probably A. strictus, Poir. Suppl. 498, — represents a 

 form of this same species, either very early naturalized in Hungary and Germany, or possi- 

 bly indigenous. A. laxus, Willd. Enum. 886, seems to be a similar form. — Lower moist 

 ground. New Brunswick to Saskatchewan, E. ^Montana, and Louisiana, abundant in the 

 Northern States, and polymorplious. A small and slender form, in Northern sphagnous 

 bogs, witli linear leaves, resembles A. longifolius in habit and foliage. 

 A. salicifolius, (Lam.'?) Ait. Resembles the preceding, equally branching : leaves com- 

 monly less elongated, less serrate or entire, of firmer texture, apt to be scabrous, and the 

 fine reticulation of the veinlets manifest: involucre more imbricated; its bracts firmer, 

 linear, with shorter and more definite green tips, these acute or obtusish : heads (as large as 

 in preceding or broader) disposed to be thyrsoid or racemose-glomerate on the ascending 

 branches: rays purplish to violet, rarely white. — Lam. Diet. I.e.? (no Lamarckiau speci- 

 mens seen); Ait. Kew. iii. 203; :Muhl. Cat.; Darlingt. Fl. Cest. 467. A. praaltus, Voir. 

 Suppl. i. 493, merely a change of Alton's name, not Nees. A. eminens, Willd. Enum. 886, is 

 either this or the preceding. A. rirjiduhts, Desf. Cat. (1815), 122. A. ohliquus, Nees, Ast. 

 76, cult. form. A. onitstus? and perhaps A. canieiis, Nees, Ast. 122, 96, on cult, forms, but 

 char, and some specimens of latter are of the preceding species. A. stenoplijUus, Lindl. in 

 DC. Prodr. v. 242, narrow-leaved form. A. canicas, in part, & A. Greenei, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 

 ii. 134. — Low grounds, Canada and New England to Saskatchewan, E. Montana, and Texas : 

 most abundant in the Mississippi valley. The original of Ait. Kew., in the Banksian her- 

 barium, is of flowering branches only, with small leaves. 



Var. SUbasper. A rigid and commonly scabrous form, with thyrsoid-contracted and 

 foliose intlorescence : broad heads commonly foliose-bracteate : bracts of involucre broader 

 and firmer, often obtuse : rays violet. — A. suhasper, Lindl. in Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 97, & DC. 

 Prodr. V. 257. ^4. carneiis, var. siibasper, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Illinois to Texas. 



Var. cserulescens. A strict and rigid form, Avith the rather large heads in a more 

 naked intlorescence, and leaves all entire : involucral bracts with narrower acute or acutish 

 tips. — A. carulesceiis, DC. Prodr. v. 235. — Piocky banks, E. to W. Texas, Bcrlaiidier, Lind- 

 heimer, &c. 



b. Involucre of the small or barely middle-sized heads looser and less imbricated ; but its bracts 

 erect or hardly at all spreading, narrow and linear, with acute and not at all dilated green tips, 

 or outermost wholly herbaceous, these little shorter or equalling the inner: leaves linear or lan- 

 ceolate, not rigid, not dilated at base, sparingly denticulate or entire. 



A., jlinceus, Ait. Slender, a foot tw a yard high, the smaller plants simple-stemmed and 

 with few lieads, smooth and nearly gla])rous : leaves linear or nearly so (3 to 5 inches long, 

 2 to 4 lines wide), entire, or lower with rare denticulations : involucre 3 lines high ; its bracts 

 all small, narrowly linear and erect, thinnish, manifestly imbricated in 2 or 3 sei'ies, and the 

 outer more or less shorter (thus connecting with A. ])anictilatits of the preceding subdivis- 

 ion) : rays light violet-purple, 4 or 5 lines long. — Hort. Kew. iii. 204, the indigenous s])eci- 

 men Halifax, Halhi/ren. A. sal ici fol ins, Richards. App. Frankl. Journ. ed. 1, 478, ed. 2, 20, 

 not Ait. ^-1. laxifoliiis, Lindl. in Hook. Fl ii. 10, mainly; hardly of Nees, Ast., who had a 

 cult, plant of Leyden Garden, and in herb. Lindl. so named a plant of .1. pmiiculatusf A. 

 la.nfiliits, var. borealis, & var. Iwtijionts, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 138. A. trstiviis. Gray, Man. 

 mainly. A. borealis, Provancher, Fl. Canad. i. 308. — Wet meadows and cold bogs. Nova 

 Scotia to Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, and north to Hudson's Bay, Saskatchewan, and Rocky 

 Mountains, &c. Appears to pass into the next. 



A., longifolius, Lam. a foot to a yard high, glabrous or pubescent, leafy: leaves elon- 

 gated-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, entire or sparingly serrulate, 3 to 7 inches long, taper- 



