200 COMPOSITE. Aster. 



Var. iedophyllus, Gray. Stem lower (not over 2 feet high), rather strict : leaves 

 smaller (inch or two long), cottony-tomentulose beneath, at least when young ; lower obtuse and 

 merely mucronate, uppermost with slender cuspidate point usually developed. — Proc. Am. 

 Acad. viii. 388. A. ledopht/llus, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 98, without char. — Mount 

 Hood at 4,000 feet and upward. Hall, Huwell, Mount Paddo (Adams), Suksdorf. Seemingly 

 distinct, but jiasses into the type and into the following variety. 



Var.' glaucescens. Stem mostly slender, 1 to 3 feet high, in the larger plants 

 more branched above and bearing ratlier numerous corymbosely disposed heads : leaves 

 somewhat glaucous, wholly glabrous (except the minute ciliolation of the .species), lanceo- 

 late, 2 or 3 inclies long, 3 to 7 lines wide, uppermost usually attenuate-cuspidate : heads 

 smaller or less broad : involucre of fewer aud closer bracts. — Washington Terr. : on Mount 

 Paddo, and Sincoe Mountains, Suksdorf, Howell. N. California, moujitaius of Siskiyou 

 Co., Greene, Pringle, distributed as A. elegans, which it approaches. 

 A. elegans, Torr. & Gray. Slender, 1 to 3 feet high, mostly scabro-puberulent : leaves 

 tliickisli, pale, lanceolate (inch or two long), erect, the upper apiculate-mucronate, the veins 

 inconspicuous : heads several at summit of simple stem or branches, comparatively small 

 and few-flowered (4 or 5 lines high) : involucral bracts all close and conspicuously woolly- 

 ciliate,- barely acute, outer ovate, none with pointed tips : rays ratlier few, aV)out 4 lines long : 

 style-appendages linear-subulate, hardly acute. — Fl. ii. 159 ; Eaton, 1. c. (a somewhat ambig- 

 uous form). Eurephalus elegans, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 298. — Mountains of 

 Wyoming and Montana to N. Nevada and E. Oregon ; first coll. ty Nuttull. 



■i— -^r- Style-appendages obtuse and short-oblong, shorter than the stigmatic portion: involucral 

 bracts firmer; all the outer obtuse, not ciliate nor scarious-margined: akeues narrower, merely 

 jiubescent. 



A. glaucus, Torr. & Gray. Throughout smooth and glabrous, glaucescent or pale : stems 

 a foot liigh from extensively creeping filiform rootstocks, brandling, bearing several or 

 numerous paniculate heads : leaves thickish, lanceolate (I to 3 inches long, a quarter to half 

 inch broad), rather obtu.se, when dry reticulate-venulose both sides: involucre 3 lines high, 

 imbricated in about 3 ranks: rays bright violet, 4 to 6 lines long. — Fl. ii. 1.50; Eaton, 1. c. 

 Eucephalus (Lagatea) glaucus, Nutt. 1. c. — Rockv Mountains, Wyoming to Colorado and 

 Utah. 



* * * * Involucre less imbricated, hemispherical; the bracts in few ranks and in the typical 

 species somewhat equal, partly greenish, with or without scarious margins: pappus-bristles not 

 clavellate-thickeiied at tip : low-stemmed or acaulescent, from a thick and sometimes ligneous 

 caudex or rootstock, with solitary or few pedunculate heads, and rather large and numerous 

 raj's: leaves thickish, narrow, one-nerved or nervose, entire. — Xylorrldza, Nutt. Trans. Am. 

 Phil. Soc. vii. 298. § Orthomeris, Xylorrhiza, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. : also Benth. & Hook. Gen. 

 ii. 273, excl. syn. Rhinnclina (which has a double pappus) & Arctngeron (which has the char- 

 acters of Erigeron with somewhat too imbricated invohicre). Western montane species. 



•i— Genuine species, with comparatively large (half-inch high or more) and sliow}- Iieads, and 

 thickish leaves : pappus-bristles rather rigid. 



++ Heads terminating short leafy stems which arise from creeping and ligneous rootstocks: invo- 

 lucral bracts acuminate and mucronate-tipped : style-appendages triangular- or lanceolate-subu- 

 late, not attenuate, shorter than the stigmatic portion : akenes oblong, very villous. — Xijlorrhiza, 

 Nutt. ' . 



A. Parryi, Gray. Tomentose-pubescent and cinereous, a span high : leaves mostly spatulate 

 and c)l)tuse with a mucronate point, an inch or more long : heads usually solitary on peduncle 

 surpassing the leaves, very broad : bracts of the involucre oblong-lanceolate, densely cine- 

 reous-pubescent : rays white, over half-inch long. — Am. Nat. viii. 212. — Kocky Mountains 

 in Wyoming, on marshy flats of Sandy Creek, Green Kiver, &c., Parry, A. J. ilcCosli. 



A. Xylorrhiza, Torr. & Gray. Less pubescent and glabrate, 4 to 8 inches higli : leaves 

 from narrowly spatulate-lanceolate to linear (1 or 2 inclies long, 1 to 3 lines wide) ; the upper 

 commonly equalling the 1 to 3 peduncles : heads smaller : involucral bracts more attenuate : 

 rays "pale red" or "pale rose-color," 4 lines long. — Xijlorrlnza villosa. & X. glahruisrula, 

 Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. ser. vii. 297, 298. Aster Xglorrhza & A. glahriusr.ulus, Torr. 

 & Gra3% 1. c. 158; the latter a more leafy -stemmed form. — Clayey .soil and on rocks. Rocky 

 Mountains of Wyoming, toward the sources of the Platte ; first coll. by Nuttall. Laramie 

 Plains, Parrg. 



