208 COMPOSITE. Erigeron. 



that of E. tail flor Its, and involucre similar, but densely soft-lanate : rays rather broader, 3 

 lines long, white. — FI. ii. 17, t. 121 ; Torr. c&, Gray, Fl. ii. 168. E rirand{/ionis,Yar.laiiiitus, 

 Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 92. Aster (jlacialis, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 503, not Nutt. — Alpine 

 summits of tlie Eocky Mountains in Montana and Brit. America, Drummond, Fremont, 

 Bourqcuu, and of tlie Cascades, LijalL (Lyall's plant may have yellowish rays, and pass 

 into Ajilopappus Brandegei.) 

 E. grandiflorus, Hook. Stems a span or two high, rather stout, usually several-leaved 

 and nionoceplialous : radical leaves obovate-spatulate, an inch or so long ; cauliue oblong to 

 lanceolate, usually half-inch or less long : heads larger : involucre half-iuch high, very 

 woolly ; its linear and attenuate-acuminate bracts squarrose-spreading or the tips recurved : 

 rays violet or purple, a third to half inch long. — Fl. ii. 18, t. 123 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Eaton, 

 Bot. King Exp. 184 (a somewhat abnormal form, in the Uinta Mts.) — Kocky Mountains, in 

 or near the alpine region, from British Columbia (Drummond) to Colorado, where it some- 

 times has fewer and linear cauline leaves, and approaches E. unijiorus. 



Var. elatior, Gray. A foot or two high, leafy up to the 1 to 4 pedunculate heads, 

 pubescent, but hardly hirsute : leaves oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 4 inclies long ; cauline 

 closely sessile by a broad base : involucre fully half-inch liigh : rays half-iuch long. — Am. 

 Jour. Sci. ser. 2, xxxiii. 237, & Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 92. — Subalpiue and lower, iu the 

 Rocky Mountains of Colorado ; first coll. by Parri/. 



* * Submaritime perennial: heads of tlie largest, the disk a full inch in diameter; involucre 

 rather loose, villous with long multiseptate hairs: rays about 100, rather broad, Aster-bke: 

 pappus simple: leaves obovate or spatidate, ani|)le, mostly entire, graveolent. — [VoodvUlea, 

 DC, color of ray-flowers mistaken. 



E. glaucus, Ker. a span to a foot higli, viscidulous and more or less pubescent, producing 

 a tuft of radical leaves from a rather fleshy crown, and some asceuding moiuicephalous or 

 occasionally branching stems : leaves glaucescent or pale green, but hardly glaucous, some- 

 what succulent ; larger radical 3 or 4 inclies long and an inch wide, rarely 2-3-tootlied ; upper 

 cauline few and small : rays half-iuch long, bright violet : akenes 4-nerved. — Bot. Reg. t. 

 10; DC. Prodr. v. 284; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 172; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 330. E. rnaritimum & 

 E. hispidum, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 310. E. Bonariensis, Sjireng. Syst. iii. 528. 

 Aster Culifornlcus, Less, in Linn. vi. 121 ; Hook. & Aru. Bot. Beech. 146 ; J)C. 1. c. 228. Sten- 

 actis fjlaiira, Nees, Ast. 275. WoodviUea calendiilacea, DC. 1. c. 318. — Banks or bluffs of 

 the Pacific coast, within the influence of salt water, Oregon to Santa Barbara, California, 

 flowering for most of the year ; probably first coll. by Menzies. 



* * * True perennials from rootstocks or a caudex, neither stoloniferous-surculose nor flagellif- 

 erous : involucre from hispid or villous to glabrous, but not laiiate, in the first species loose 

 and spreading: all Westeru or Northern species. — Part of § Plicenacti<-, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. 

 Soc. vii. 310; Beiith. & Hook. Gen. ii. 280. 



•ir- Comparatively tall and large, a foot or more high except in alpine or depauperate forms, leafy- 

 stemmed, glabrous to soft-hirsute: leaves rather ample, entire or occasionally few-toothed : 

 heads pretty large, with usually very numerous raj's: montane or alpestrine. 



•H- Aster-like; the rays comparatively broad: involucre rather loose: heads solitary, or on larger 

 plants few and corj-mbosely disposed: pappus simple. 



E. salsuginosus, Gray. Rootstocks short and thickish : stem commonly 12 to 20 inches 

 high, the summit or peduncles lanate-pubescent or puberulent : no bristly or hirsute hairs : 

 leaves very smooth and glabrous or glabrate, bright green, thickish ; radical and lower 

 cauline leaves spatulate to nearly obovate, with base attenuate into a margined petiole; 

 upper cauline ovate-oblong to lanceolate, sessile, conspicuously mucronate or apiculate- 

 acuiniiiate ; uppermost small and bract-like : bracts of the involucre loose or even spreading, 

 linear-subulate or attenuate, viscididons, at most pubernlous (or at some nortliern stations 

 sometimes pubescent) : disk over half an inch in diameter : rays 50 to 70, purple or violet, 

 half-inch or more long. — Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 93. Aster salsuginosus, Richards, in Frankl. 

 Jouru. App. ed. 2, 32 ; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4942 ; DC. Prodr. v. 229 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 

 150. A. Uncdaschensis, Less, in Liun. vi. 124 ; DC. 1. c. 228. — Wet ground, Kotzebue Sound 

 and Unalaska, and along the higher mountains southward to California, Utah, aud New 

 Mexico; first coll. by liiclictrdson. 



Var. angustifolius, Gray. A span to a foot high : radical and lower cauliue leaves 

 from narrowly spatulate to lanceolate (only 3 or 4 lines broad), somewhat scabrous on mar- 



