Erlgeron. COMPOSITE. 217 



small heads : leaves spatulate, or the radical cuneate-obovate ; these an inch or two long, 

 coarsely 3-5-tootlied ur incised ; cauline more entire, inch long : rays pale purple, (piarter- 

 inch long. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 2. — Oregon, along the Columbia River under overhang- 

 ing cliffs in Multnomah Co., Huire/I. 



•i— -i— Rays verj^ narrow, almost filiform, and numerous (much over 100) : disk only 3 or 4 lines 

 broad: stems scattered, erect, eitiier from a biennial root or from a biennial or winter-annual 



ofi'sct. 



E. Philadelphicus, L. Soft-hirsute, a foot or two Iiigli : stem striate-angled : leaves 

 oblong, or lowest spatulate or obovate ; upper cauline half-clasping, obtuse, sjjaringly and 

 coarsely serrate or entire : peduncles thickened uuder the head : rays piuk, al)0Ut 3 lines 

 long. — Spec. ii. 8G3; Willd. Spec. iii. 1957; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 171, not Michx., Ell., &c. 

 E. purpureum, Ait. Kew. iii. 186, DC. 1. c. E. pulchellus, var., Hook. Fl. ii. 19 (N. W. Am.). — 

 Moist fields and border of woodlands, Hudson's Bay to Florida, Texas, California, and Brit. 

 Columbia : fl. summer. 



E. quercifolius, Lam. Pubescent with short spreading hairs, sometimes cinereous, about 

 a foot high : radical and lowest cauline leaves obovate or spatulate, fronr repaud to sinuate- 

 pinnatifid : heads smaller than in the preceding : rays barely 2 lines long, from bluish or 

 purplish to white, — 111. t. 681, f. 4; Poir. Diet. vii. 490; Reichenb. Ic. Exot. t. 134 (?); 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c. E. Philadelphicus, Michx. Fl. ii. 123 ; Ell. Sk. ii. 396; DC. 1. c, not L. 



— Low grounds, S. Carolina to Florida and Texas; fl. spring. 



****** Perennial by rooting from decumbent or creeping leafy stems or stolons : rays 

 verv numerous and narrow: heads solitary, slender-peduncled. 



E. repens. Cinereous-pubescent : stems prostrate or ascending from the slender root ; pros- 

 trate ones rooting at the nodes : leaves obovate or liroadly spatulate with cuneate base taper- 

 ing into a petiole, obtusely and deeply 5-9-toothed or almost lobed : peduncles scapiform, 

 4 to 8 inches long; involucre 4 lines high: rays 3 lines long, white : pappus simjjle. — E. 

 scaposHS, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 170; Gray, PI. Lindli. i. 11, but hardly the Mexican E. scapo- 

 sus nor E. loitgipes, DC. E. scaposiis, vav.! citnelfolius, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 94. — 

 Sandy sea-coast, Texas, Berlandier, Drammond, Liudheimer, Wrlijht, &c. (Probably also on 

 the Mexican side of the Eio Grande.) 



E. flagellaris, Gr.vy. More or less cinereous with fine appressed pubescence : stems slen- 

 der, diffusely decumbent and flagelliform but leaf}', some prostrate, many at length rooting 

 at the apex and proliferous : leaves small, entire ; radical spatulate and petioled ; those of 

 the branches passing to linear (from an inch to 3 lines long) : peduncles 2 to 5 inches long: 

 head barely 3 lines liigli : rays white or purplish : pappus double, the outer subulate-setulose. 



— PI. Fendl. 69; Rothrock in Wheeler Rep. vi. 153. E. divergens. Hook. Lond. Jour. Bot. 

 vi. 242. E. divergens, var.. Gray, PI. Wright. — Banks of streams, W. Texas and New 

 Mexico to Colorado and S. W. Utah; also north to the Upper Platte; first coll. by Fendler.^ 



:^ * :5t: * :^ # * Auniials or sometimes biennials, leafy-stemmed and branclung: heads con- 

 spicuously radiate, except in one species. 



-t— Akenes narrow, little compressed, with a broad and whitish truncate apex and a simple capil- 

 lary pajipus: heads small (only 3 lines higli) : rays 40 to 70, not very narrow. 



E. Bellidiastrum, Nutt. a diffusely or loosely branched annual, a span or two high, 

 cinereous-pubescent : leaves entire, spatulate-linear or the lowest broader (an inch or less 

 long): heads paniculate, short-peduncled : rays light purple. — Trans. Am. Phil. Soc vii. 

 307; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 170; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 648. — Low grounds, plains of 

 Nebraska to New Mexico ; first coll. by Nuttull. 



H— -I— Akenes compressed, 2-nerved: pappus more or less double; outer short and subulate- 

 squamellate or sometimes coroniform ; inner often fragile or deciduous. 



++ Leaves entire, sometimes dentate or lower incisely lobed, not dissected. — Phalncroloma, Torr. 

 & Gray, Fl. ii. 175. 



= Rays of the middle-sized or rather large heads numerous, well exserted, and with pappus like 

 the disk-flowers: leaves all entire: Southwestern species. 



E. Rusbyi. Hirsute-pubescent or hi.^pidulors, but green: stems a foot high from probably 

 annual or biennial root, sparingly branched, somewhat diffuse or spreading, equably leafy : 

 cauline leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, closely sessile by a broad base, about an incli long; 



