266 COMPOSITE. Balsamorrhiza. 



base 2 to 6 inches wide, on petioles of greater length) ; the few and inconspicuous cauline 

 from linear to spatulate : scape at length a foot or more high : rays 1 to nearly 2 inches long. 

 — Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 348. B. scujiUata & B. heliantJioides, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. ; 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Espeletia helianthoides & E. sagittata, Nutt Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 38, 

 t. 4. Biiphtluihnum saijittatum, Pursh, Fl. ii. 564. — Rocky Mountains of Colorado to Mon- 

 tana and Brit. Columbia, the border of California, and S. Utah. Young stalks, root, and 

 seeds used for food by the Indians. Outer bracts of the involucre sometimes oblong-lanceo- 

 late, foliaceous, and surpassing the disk (as in Pursh's original) ; or all more imbricate and 

 conformed, the outer shorter. 



B. deltoidea, Nutt. Trans. 1. c. Green, more or less pubescent or glabrate : leaves broadly 

 cordate to cordately ovate-lanceolate, sometimes nearly deltoid, from irregularly serrate to 

 entire, 4 to 10 inches long : scape with small lanceolate or rarely ovate leaves, not rarely 

 2-3-cephalous : rays an inch or more long. — Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c. B. 

 (/hibrescens, Benth. PI. Hartw. 317. — Idaho and Brit. Columbia to S. California. 



B. Bolanderi, Gray. Green, glabrate : stems stout, a span or two high, and bearing 2 or 3 

 subcordate nearly entire leaves, similar to and as large as the radical ones : principal invo- 

 lucre of the short-peduncled head a single or double series of ovate-lanceolate foliaceous 

 bracts, over an inch long: apparently disk-akenes flattened. — Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 3.56, & 

 Lot. Calif. 1. c. — California, at Auburn, and on the Sacramento, Fremont, Rich, Bolander. 



* * Leaves not cordate and entire, varying from laciniatelj^ dentate to pinnately or bipinnately 

 divided: heads soli'ary on a naked scape, or sca])iform stem bearing a pair of small o])posite 

 leaves towards the base : thick caudex or root exceedingly balsaniic-resiuiferous. Perhaps all 

 forms of one polymorphous species. — § E uhaUamorrhiza, Nutt. 



B. macroph^Ua, Nutt. Green, not at all canescent, glabrate, except the ciliate margins 

 of the leaves, usually minutely glandular-viscidulous : leaves ample, ovate or oblong in out- 

 line, a span to a foot long, some with only one or two lobes or coarse teeth, most of them 

 pinnately parted into broadly lanceolate and commonly entire lobes (of 2 or 3 inches in 

 lengtli) : scapes a foot or two high: bracts of the involucre from narrowly lanceolate to 

 spatulate and foliaceous, an inch or two long, nearly equal, either half or fully the length of 

 the rays. — Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 350 ; Torr. «&. Gray, Fl. ii. 301 ; Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 

 168. — Rocky and Wahsatch Mountains, Wyoming to Utah, Nuttall, Fremont, Watson. 



B. terebinthacea, Nutt. Slightly and minutely if at all canescent : leaves from green 

 and glabrate to minutely hispidulous-scabrous, or barely hir.sutulous at margins, at length 

 rigid and reticulate-veiny, oblong-lanceolate and with cuneate or truncate base (4 to 8 inches 

 long, 1 to 3 wide), spinulo.sely dentate or sometimes crenate-dentate, or some laciniate-incised, 

 or even pinnatifid : scapes a span to a foot liigh : involucre lanate-tomentose, of numeioixs 

 and narrow linear-lanceolate and attenuate loose and nearly ecjual bracts, an inch long. — 

 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 349 (name only) ; Gray, PI. Fendl. 82. B. Hookeri, var., Torr. & 

 Gray, 1. c. Heliopsis? terebinthacea, Hook. Fl. ii. 310? — W. Idaho to E. Oregon, in hard 

 or stony ground, Douglas, Spalding, Nevius, Cusick. 



B. Hookeri, Nutt. 1. c. Canescent with fine sericeous or more tomentose pubescence, but 

 not at all hirsute : scapes and leaves a span to a foot high ; the latter lanceolate or elongated- 

 oblong in outline, pinnately or bipinnately parted into lanceolate or linear divisions or lobes, 

 or some of them only pinnatifid or incised : involucre from canescently puberulent to lanate ; 

 its bracts from linear- to oblong-lanceolate, either uneqiuxl and well imbricated or sometimes 

 the outermost foliaceous and enlarged. — Torr. & Gray, 1. c, excl. var.; Eaton in Bot. King 

 Exp. 1. c. Heliopsis? balsamorrhiza, Hook. 1. c. — Hills and rocky plains, eastern parts of 

 Washington Terr, to Nevada and W. California; first coll. by Douglas. 



Var. incana;'^ Densely white-tomentose : leaves often of broader outline. — B. inrana, 

 Nutt. I.e. 350; Torr. & Gray, I.e. — Wyoming and Montana to northern parts of Cali- 

 fornia; first coll. by Nuttall. 



B. hirsuta, Nutt. 1. c. Green, roughish-hirsute or hispidulous, not tomentose nor canes- 

 cent : leaves lanceolate in outline, ])innately parted or divideil, the divisions (9 to 15 lines in 

 length) incisely toothed or again pinn;xtifid, soon rigid : scapes a span to a foot high : invo- 

 lucre hinsute-pubescent or glabrate, of narrowly lanceolate or more attenuate bracts. — 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Eaton, 1. c. — Utah to Brit. Columbia and N. E. California, in the dry 

 region ; first coll. by Douglas and Nuttall, 



