Helianthus. COMPOSIT^E. 275 



dijfusus. IT. scaherrimxis, Ell. Sk. ii. 423. H. Missouriensis (Schweinitz) & H. crassifolius, 

 Nutt. Trans. Am. Fhil. Soc. 1. c. Harpalium rigidum, Cass. Diet. Sci. Nat. xx. 200 ; DC. 

 Proclr. V. 583, founded on the form with intermediate palete to the pappus. Plains and 

 prairies, Saskatchewan and Michijjan to W. Georgia, Texas, and eastern part of Colorado. 

 Sometimes the disk-coroUas are at first yellow ! 



++ ++ Disk 3'ellow. (Here the Californian H. gracilentus would be sought.) 



H. Isetiflorus, Peks. Resembles tall forms of the preceding, similarly scabrous or hispid, 

 leafy: leaves commonly thinner, mostly oval-lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, 4 to 10 

 inches long, more or less serrate : heads usually several and rather sliort-peduucled : disk 

 half-inch high : bracts of the involuci-e imbricated in only 2 or 3 series, from ovate- to 

 oblong-lanceolate, acuminate or attenuate-acute, hirsutely ciliate or ciliolate, occasionally a 

 little hirsute on the back: rays numerous, the larger inch and a half long. — Syn. ii. 476; 

 DC. Prodr. v. 586, excl. syn. Ell. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. H. atrorubens, Lam. Diet. iii. 86, not 

 L. — Prairies and barrens, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin. 



Var. tricuspis, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Leaves less serrate : chaff of receptacle more 

 commonly 3-toothed. — H. tricuspis, Ell Sk. ii. 422. W. Georgia, ex Elliott. Needs confir- 

 mation. 



H. pumilus, NuTT. Hispid and scabrous throughout : stems simple, a foot or two high, 

 bearing 5 to 7 pairs of leaves and a few rather short-peduncled heads : leaves mostly ovate- 

 lanceolate, acute, entire or nearly so (1^ to 4 inches long), rigid, abruptly contracted at base 

 into a short margined petiole : involucre less than half-inch high, white-hirsute or scabro- 

 hispidulous ; its bracts imbricated in about 3 series, oljlong-lanceolate, acutish : rays about 

 inch long. — Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 366; Gray in Am. Jour. Sci. ser. 2, xxxiii. 239. — 

 Eastern Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains of the Platte, &c., from Wyoming to Colorado, 

 Niittall, Haijden, Geijer, Parrij, Hall & Harbour, &c. 



H. OCCidentalis, Riddell. Stem slender, 2 or 3 feet high, sometimes smooth and gla- 

 brous, usually leafy only at and near the base : radical and lowest cauline leaves ovate to 

 lanceolate-oblong, entire or denticulate, contracted at base into long margined petioles, 

 minutely hirsute or hispidulous, moderately scabrous ; upper cauline a few remote pairs, sub- 

 sessile, lanceolate, and bract-like, of an inch or half-inch in length : heads few or sometimes 

 solitary, small : bracts of the involucre ovate to lanceolate, acute or acuminate, glabrous, or 

 tlie margins sometimes ciliate, sometimes naked : rays lialf-inch to nearly inch long : akenes 

 when young and at summit pubescent. — Suppl. Cat. Ohio PI. (1836), 13 ; Torr. & Gray, El. 

 ii. 323. H. heterophyllus, Short, Cat. Kentucky PI. Suppl. 3 ; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 98, 

 partly, not Nutt. — Prairies and oak barrens, in dry ground, Michigan to Kentucky and 

 Missouri. 



Var. plantagineus, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Minutely puberulent and slightly or not 

 at all scabrous : leaves ratlier more rigid : involucre obscurely ciliolate or naked. — Texas, 

 Drummond, Lindhrimcr, Wright, (Adj. Mex.) 



Var. Do'Wellianus, Torr. & Gray. Like the preceding, but leafy to the middle or 

 higher, the leaves larger and mostly ovate, and stem sometimes branching. — El. ii. 504. 

 H. Dowfillianus, Curtis in Am. Jour. Sci. xliv. 82. — Mountain region in tiie southwestern 

 part of North Carolina, Curtis, Buckley, &c. 



* * * Involucre looser and the bracts disposed to be more taper-pointed, or elongated, or foli- 

 aceous (closer and shorter in some species) : disk except for the dark anthens yellow or 

 yellowish. 



4— Canescent or cinereous, at least the foliage, with soft and fine appressed (but not tomentose) 

 pubescence: leaves all opposite, sessile, merely- serrulate : heads middle-sized: bracts of the in- 

 volucre imbricated; their attenuate tips seldom or little surpassing the disk: Atlantic species. 



H. cinereus, Torr. & Gray. A foot or two high, barely cinereous throughout with 

 minute and slightly scabrous appressed pubescence : stem simple, somewhat equably leafy, 

 bearing one or two slender-pedunculate small heads : leaves coriaceous, lanceolate-oblong, 

 acute ; lower (3 inches long) contracted into a rather long narrowed base ; uppermost (about 

 inch long) ovate-lanceolate with a broad sessile base: involucre half -inch higli; its bracts 

 lanceolate-subulate, canescent: rays 10 or 12, two-thirds inch long. — El. ii. 324, excl. var. 

 — Texas, Drummond. Heads little larger than those of //. occidentalis, of which it may be a 

 hybridized offspring. 



