Coreopsis. COMPOSITE. 291 



* * * Annuals or biennials, one has been thought perennial, with opposite kaves, j'ellow or 

 particolored rays, and dark-purple or brown disk-flowers: akenes short, with entire searious 

 wings or none, incurved at maturity, one or both faces sometimes becoming papillose or tuber- 

 culate-roughened, or in some remaining smooth: heads scattered-paniculate: herbage glabrous 

 or nearh' so, except in C. Drummondli. — § Calliopsis, Torr. & Gray, slightly extended. 



-K- Rays pure yellow : pappus a pair of conspicuous slender awns (or these rarely abortive) : leaves 

 from entire to 3-parted or simply pinnately divided. — Coreopsidium, Torr. & Gray. 



C. Leavenworthii, Tokr. & Gray. Annual, sometimes seemingly perennial, slender, 



1 or 2 feet high : lower leaves or their 3 to 7 divisions from broadly linear to spatulate-lan- 



ceolate : rays barely half-inch long : wings of the akene on each side as wide as the body, 



equalled or surpassed by the distinct erect awns. — Moist ground in pine barrens, Florida; 



• first coll. by Leavenworth. 



Var. Garberi. Very remarkable form, more robust, all the cauline leaves pinnately 

 5-7-parted or divided into shorter and broader divisions ; the terminal one from obovate to 

 lanceolate-oblong. —Tampa, Florida, Garher : perhaps in over-luxuriant condition. 



-)— -I— Rays with base or lower part brown-purple: pappus none or minute: leaves all 1-2-pin- 

 nately divided. 



++ Akenes winged. 



C. Atkinsoniana, Bougl. Eoot "perennial " or annual, flowering in autumn, stem 2 to 4 

 feet high : lobes of the leaves linear or nearly so : akenes with a narrow wing, sometimes a 

 mere searious margin, and usually a pair of distinct short subulate teeth for pappus. — 

 Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1376; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 346. Calliopsis Atkinsoniana, Hook. Fl. i. 311. 

 — River banks, ( )regon, Washington Terr., and east to Dakota ; first coll. by Douglas. 



C. cardaminefolia, Torr. & Gray. Root annual : stem a span to 2 feet high : lobes of 

 the lower or radical leaves oval to lanceolate, sometimes linear; of the upper mostly linear: 

 rays rarely half-inch long: akenes with a moderately broad wing, with which is sometimes 

 connected two obscure teeth. — Fl. 1. c, with var. lineariloha, the uarrowest-leaved form, 

 Calliopsis cardaminefolia, DC. Prodr. v. 568. — Low grounds, W. Louisiana and Texas to 

 Kansas and New Mexico. (Adj. Mex.) 



++ ++ Akenes wingless: pappus none or an obscure border: annuals. 



C. tinctoria, Nutt. Glabrous, 2 or 3 feet high : radical and some lower cauline leaves 

 2-pinnately divided into lanceolate or linear divisions ; upper with 3 to 7 linear divisions : 

 outer involucre short and close: rays from half to three-fourths inch long, sometimes base 

 only, sometimes nearly all crimson-brown : akenes oblong, thinnish, moderately incurved. — 

 Jour. Acad. Philad. ii. 114 ; Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. t. 45 ; Bot. Mag. t. 2512 ; Bot. Reg. t. 846 ; 

 Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 72 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. " Calliopsis bicolor, Reichenb. Mag. t. 70." C. tinc- 

 toria, DC. 1. c. 568; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3511, var. atropurpurea. — Low ground, Saskatche- 

 wan and Minnesota to Louisiana, Texas, and Arizona. Common everywhere in gardens. 



C. Drummondii, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Low, pubescent with many-jointed lax hairs, 

 sometimes glabrous : divisions of the radical and lower cauline leaves from roundish-ovate 

 to oblong-lanceolate ; of the uppermost sometimes linear : peduncles inclined to be solitary 

 terminating stem and branches : outer involucre of loose and spreading more foliaceous 

 bracts, little shorter than the inner : rays broad, sometimes inch long, brown-purple only at 

 base : akenes oval or obovate, thick, much incurved at maturity, a cartilaginous margin 

 bordering the inner face.T-C. dirersifolia. Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3474, not DC. Calliopsis 

 Drummondii, Don, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 315. — Sandy soil, Texas ; first coU. hy Drinnmond. 

 Common in cultivation. 



Var. Wrightii. Lobes of the leaves narrower, linear and the broadest linear-oblong : 

 heads smaller: akenes circinately incurved. — PI. Wright, ii. 90. — Rocky hills on the San 

 Pedro, W. Texas, Wri,j7d. 



§ 2. LeXchia. Style-tips hispid or hirsute and abruptly produced into a cusp 

 or acute cone : akenes nearly orbicular, incurved at maturity, some or all of them 

 becoming papillose or muriculate at maturity, often developing a callus at base 

 and apex of the inner face (this varying greatly even in the same head) : pappus 

 of two small chaffy teeth, or none : outer involucre little shorter and more herba- 

 ceous than the inner : rays cuneate, palmately 3-5-lobed or toothed, mostly yellow, 



