Monolopia. COMPOSITE. 323 



equalling or surpassing the sessile heads : involucre of about 8 narrowly oblong bracts, sub- 

 tending as many ray-flowers : ligules hardly exceeding the disk : disk-corollas 5-toothed : 

 akenes all compressed and with only marginal callous nerves, linear- oblong, the dark faces 

 polished and shining, the comose long and soft villous hairs of the margin bright white : 

 pappus a pair of comparatively large opaque palea?, of broadly ovate or quadrate form (the 

 insertion of the two occupying the whole circumference of the akene), sparingly laciniate- 

 dentate or erose at summit, and the middle produced into a subulate naked awn which nearly 

 equals the 4-toothed corolla. — Burn'elin nicea, D. C. Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 174, t. 18. Acti- 

 no/epis (EatoHclla) nivea, Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 379. — Sterile hills of the eastern side of the 

 Sierra Nevada ; in the Pah-Ute Mts., Nevada, Watson, and Surprise Valley, E. California, 

 Lemmon. 

 E. Congdoni, Gray. A span or two high, loosely branching, sparsely leaved, fioccosely 

 lanate : leaves-oblong linear, sparsely sinuate-dentate or repand : heads short-peduncled or 

 nearly sessile at the summit of the stem : involucre of 5 or 6 oval-oblong herbaceous bracts : 

 ray-flowers none : disk-corollas 4-toothed : akenes oval (the faces at first pubescent, at length 

 glabrate), the outermost triangular-obcompressed, the others compressed and flat : pappus of 

 2 to 4 very thin and hyaline erose-laciniate avvnless paleaj, not exceeding the long villosity, 

 forming a crown. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 20. — California, at Deer Creek, Tulare Co., Cong- 

 don, and on the Saji Joaquin, Parry. ^ 



138. MONOLOPIA, DC. (MovoXottos, single husk, alluding to the 

 uniserial involucre.) — Annual herbs, Californian, clothed with floccose wool ; 

 with alternate (or only lower sometimes opposite) sessile leaves, and compara- 

 tively large pedunculate heads of golden yellow flowens terminating the stem and 

 few branches. — Prodr. vi. 74 ; Hook. Ic. PI. t. 343, 344. Spiridanthes^ Fenzl 

 in Endl. GeJi. Suppl. ii. 105. 



§ 1. MoNOLOPi.^. proper. Ray-corollas with ample coarsely 3-4-toothed or 

 lobed ligule, and bearing at base on the opposite side of the style a roundish 

 denticulate appendage : leaves undivided, strictly sessile or partly clasjjing by a 

 broadish base. — Bot. Calif, i. 383. 



M. major, T)C 1. c. A foot or two high, rather stout and simple; the floccose white wool 

 tardily deciduous : leaves from linear to lanceolate-oblong, repand-serrate to entire : bracts 

 of the broad (half-inch high) involucre united to above the middle, the lobes triangulai'- 

 ovate: ligules 6 to 10 lines long: akenes glabrous or nearly so at maturit}'. — Hook. Ic. PI. 

 t. 344, & Bot. Mag. t. 3839 ; Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c. Hologijrnne Doiig/asii, Fisch. & Meyer, 

 Ind. Sem. Ilort. I'etrop. viii. 64. — Common in low ground, through W. California. 



Var. lanceolata, Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c. A mere form, with bracts of involucre dis- 

 tinct to near the base. — M. lanceolata, Nutt. PI. Gamb. 175. Near Los Angeles, &c. 



M. gracilens, Gray. A foot or more high, slender, loosely paniculately branched, bearing 

 scattered small heads : involucre only quarter-inch high ; its oval or ovate bracts distinct to 

 the base: akenes only a line long. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 20. — California in the coast 

 ranges, near New Almaden and Santa Cruz, Bolander, Torrey, Isaman, Pringle. 



§ 2. Pseudo-BXhia. Ray-corollas destitute of internal appendage, barely 

 3-toothed at apex : leaves all alternate, commonly laciniately cleft, narrowed at 

 base into more or less of a petiole. — Bot. Calif. 1. c. 



M. minor, DC. I.e. Loosely lanate, a span or more high: cauline leaves 3-5-cleft into 

 linear lol)es: beads 3 lines high: bracts of the involucre about 10, somewhat in 2 series, 

 oblong, separate to below the middle : ovary glabrous. — Hook. Ic. PI. t. 343. — California, 

 Douglas. Not since detected. 



M. Heerm.aiini, Durand. Whitened with a close and fine flocculent tomentum, which is 

 deciduous, the foliage glabrate and green in age, a span or two high, branching : leaves 

 pinnatifid or pinnately parted into linear lobes or divisions, or some of the cauline bipin- 

 natifid : heads 3 or 4 lines high : involucral bracts distinct nearly to base : akenes sericeous- 

 puberulent or glabrate. — PI. Pratten. in Jour. Acad. Philad. ser. 2, iii. 93. M. bahio'folia, 



