aicenactis. COMPOSIT.E. 339 



Var. longiaristatus. A small form : involucre only 2 lines high : pappus of 

 (mostly 3) more slender awns, subulate-dilated at base, much longer than the corolla, rather 

 longer than the akene. — Kattlesnake Bar, California, Mrs. Curran. 



153. CH'-^NACTIS, DC. (XatVw, to gape, and ukti?, ray, the enlarging 

 orifice and limb of the marginal corollas in most species simulating a kind of 

 ray.) — Herbaceous or rarely suffrutescent (Western N. American) ; with alter- 

 nate mostly pinnately dissected leaves, and pedunculate solitary or sometimes 

 cymosely disposed heads of yellow, white, or flesh-colored flowers. Pappus more 

 commonly shorter or of fewer paleas in the outer flowers. Akenes pubescent, 

 rarely glabrate. — Prodr. v. G59 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 401; Gray, Proc. 

 Am. Acad. vi. 545, x. 73. 



§ 1. Cii^NACTis proper. Pappus of entire or merely erose persistent paleas, 

 rarely obsolete : akenes more or less tetragonal or terete, slender. 



* Corollas yellow, the marginal ones with enlarged throat and limb, somewhat imequally or as if 



palmately 5-lobed : annuals, mostly winter annuals, flowering in spring. 

 4— Pappus of 4 (rarel3' if ever " 5 or 6 ") nearly equal narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate acut- 

 ish pales, at least the inner attaining to the throat of the corolla. 



C. lanosa, DC. Floceosely white-woolly when young, flowering from near the base with 

 (3 to 8 inches) long naked peduncles, the earliest scapiform : leaves thickish, simply pin- 

 nately parted into a few narrowly linear (rarely again parted) lobes no wider than the rhachis, 

 or uppermost entire : heads half-inch high : involucral bracts nearly linear : marginal 

 flowers moderately ampliate, not surpassing the disk. — Prodr. I.e.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 

 370 ; Gra}', Bot. Calif, ii. 389. — California, common from Monterey southward to San Ber- 

 nardino, &c. 



C. glabriuscula, DC. Taller, stouter, more caulescent, a foot or more high, thinly floccose, 

 at length dcnudate, branching al>ove, and with stout sometimes elongated peduncles bearing 

 solitary heads of two-thirds to three-fourths inch high : leaves with more numerous and 

 irregular Icjbes : bracts of the involucre broader, thickish, glabrate, obtuse : marginal corollas 

 with much ampliate and more palmate limb, surpassing the disk. — Prodr. 1. c. ; Gray, 1. c. 

 C. demidata, Nutt. 1*1. Gamb. 177. The var. megncephuJa, Gray, Pacif. R. Eep. iv. 104, 

 is merely a larger form. — California, from valley of the Sacram'euto .southward. 



C. tenuif olia, Nutt. Somewhat white-tomentulose when young, glabrate, loosely branched, 

 often diffuse, bearing scattered or paniculately disposed heads (a third of an inch high) on 

 short slender peduncles : leaves once or twice pinnately parted into irregular and small linear 

 or oblong or sometimes nearly filiform lobes : involucral bracts narrow, rather rigid : limb of 

 marginal corollas short, not surpassing the disk. — Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. 375; Torr. & 

 Gray, 1. c. ; Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c. C.filifoUa, Gray, PI. Fendl. 98, the most slender-leaved 

 form. On the sea-shore occurs an opposite extreme, with primary divisions of the leaves 

 pinnatifid into very short and thickish lobes. — Coast of California, from Santa Barbara to 

 San Diego ; also San Bernardino. 



-I— -I— Pappus of verj' obtuse mostly unequal paleic, or obsolete. 



C. heterocarpha, Gray. Lightly floccose, soon denudate, a span or two liigh, simple or 

 sparingl}' branched : leaves pinnately or sometimes bipinnately parted into irregular and 

 unequal ratlier crowded and short divisions and lobes : heads half-inch high, mostly on ratiier 

 long peduncles terminating stem and branches: bracts of the involucre broadly linear or 

 sometimes wider: liml) of the marginal flowers conspicuously ampliate, surpassing the disk : 

 pappus of inner flowers of 4 elliptical-oblong palea^ fully half the length of the corolla, and 

 with 4 or fewer alternate outer and roundish very short ones, but these occasionally wanting ; 

 in the outermost flowers all shorter or very short. — PI. Fendl. 98, & Bot. Calif. 1. c. Var. 

 tanacMlfoUa, Gray, 1. c. ( C. tdnacetifolla, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. vi. 54.5), proves to be only 

 a stunted and condensed form. — California, from the Upper Sacramento and Lake Co. to 

 San Bernardino Co. ; first coll. by Hartweg. 



C. Nevii, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 30. Dwarf, rather stout, puberulent, or leaves nearly 

 glabrous : peduncles short : marginal corollas little ampliate : pappus of a few minute denti- 



