348 COMPOSIT^E. Helenium. 



the pappus ovate, abruptly tipped with a longer awn which equals the villous akene and 

 is little shorter than the disk-corolla. — Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 66 ; Hook. Comp. Bot. 

 Mao-, i, 98; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 385; Meehau, Native Fl. ii. t. 10. — River bottoms, &c., 

 Arkansas to Mississippi, Florida, and Texas : becoming a naturalized weed throughout 

 Soutliern Atlantic States. 



Var. badium, Grat. Disk dull purplish brown (instead of yellow) : lower leaves 

 sometimes pinuately parted, the radical into short linear or even somewliat oblong entire or 

 few-toothed lobes. — Proc. Am. Acad, xviii. 108. — Texas, E. Hall, Reverchon, Palme?-. 



* * Root annual, or at most biennial: leaves broader, at least some of them decun-ent and form- 

 ing Avings on the stem and branches: rays in several species occasionally particolored with 

 brownish-red. 



■t— Palea; of the pappus obtuse or at least pointless, destitute of costa. 

 -H- Rays present : disk and receptacle in fruit elongated. 



H. quadridentatum, Laeill. Loosely paniculate : lower leaves incisely pinnatifid ; 

 upper lanceolate, entire : heads witli oval disk becoming oblong, half-incli long, surpassing 

 the rays : receptacle cylindraceous-oblong : disk-corollas more commonly 4-toothed : pappus 

 of very short roundish-oval paleas. — Act. Soc. Nat. Hist. Par. i. 22, t. 4; Lam. 111. t. 688; 

 Liudl. Bot. Reg. t. 598 ; DC. Prodr. v. 666. H. quadripartitum. Link, Enum. ii. 338 ? Rnd- 

 beckia alata, Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 593. Tetrodus quadridentatus, Cass. Diet. Iv. 272. — Low 

 ground, Carolina to Texas, near the coast ; adventive in ballast-heaps to Philadelphia. 

 (Mex.) 



++ -H- Rays present : disk globular. 



H. elegans, DC. Strict, slender : leaves narrowly lanceolate and entire, or lowermost 

 broader and sometimes slightly toothed: heads of the smallest (2 or 3 lines high), with 

 brownish or pnrplisli disk, equalled or surpassed by the pure yellow or particolored or some- 

 times largely brownish-purple rays : receptacle barely hemispherical : pappus minute, the 

 roundish-ovate paleie decidedly shorter than the breadth of the akene. — Prodr. v. 667. //. 

 microcephaliuii, var. bicolor, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 385. H. microcepJialum, Curtiss, distrib. 

 1513. — Moist ground, W. Louisiana and Texas; first coll. by Bcrlandier. (Adj. Mex.) 



H. microceplialu.in, DC. Freely branching : leaves lanceolate or oblong, the lower den- 

 ticulate or repand-toothed : heads with yellow or fuscous disk (3 or 4 lines high) much sur- 

 passing or sometimes equalled by the rays : recejjtacle conical-ovate : paleaj of the pappus 

 ovate, short, but nearly half the length of the akene. — Prodr. v. 667 ; Gray, Proc. Am. 

 Acad. ix. 202, in part. //. heteroph)/llam, DC. 1. c. as to Borland. 2113 from Reyuosa, not of 

 char. H. Texanum, Buckley iu Proc. Acad. Philad. 1861, 460, to wliich aristate pappus is 

 wrongly assigned. — Moist ground, Texas; first coll. by Berlandier. (Adj. Mex.) 



H. amphibolum, Gray. Stouter, freely branching : upper leaves lanceolate to linear and 

 entire ; lower varying to oblong and tootlied or laciniate-pinnatifid : heads with fuscous- 

 purplish globose disk (3 or 4 lines in diameter), equalled or surpassed by the yellow rays: 

 receptacle more than hemispherical : palese of the pappus roundisli and very small, as in 

 H. elcf/ans. — Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 202. H. Mexicunum, DC. Prodr. v. 666, by tlie char., 

 not HBK. — Southern borders of Texas, on the Rio Grande, at Presidio and Eagle Pass, 

 Havard. (Adj. Mex.) 



H. OOClinium, Gray. Freely branching, rather stout ; leaves lanceolate, usually more or 

 less dentate or denticulate: heads with yellowish and fuscous ovate-globose dislc (5 or 6 or 

 rarely 4 lines higli), longer than the yellow rays : receptacle ovoid-conical (acutisli or obtuse) : 

 paleaj of the pappus comparatively large, ovate, obtuse, often almost the length of the akene, 

 sometimes with traces of a costa or of a mucro. — Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 202. — Southern 

 borders of Texas, along the Rio Grande, at Presidio and (witli smaller heads) at Eagle Pass, 

 Havard. (Northern Mex.) 



++++++ Ray less. 



H. Thurberi, Gray. Slender, puberulent, freely V)ranched, 2 or 3 feet liigh : leaves mostly 

 linear-lanceolate, entire, the lowest broader and denticulate or rarely laciniate : lieads glo- 

 bose-ovoid, 3 or 4 lines high, fuscous : receptacle relatively large, liroadly ovate : pappus of 

 ovate obtuse palete, about one third the length of the corolla and of the akene. — Proc. Am. 

 Acad. xix. 32. — S. Arizona, Coulter (359, distribnted as of California), Thurber (wrongly 

 referred to U. jmbendum in Bot. Mex. Bound.), Prbujle, Lemmon. 



