Cnicus. COMPOSITE. 403 



= Leaves pinnatelj' parted into narrow and linear mostly entire divisions : antlier-tips attenuate- 

 subulate. 



C. Pitcheri, Torr. A foot or two high, with lierbage persistently white-tomentose through- 

 out: lower leaves a foot or so long, with divisions (2 to 4 inches long, 2 or 3 lines wide) 

 either entire or some again pinnately parted into shorter lobes, weakly pricklv-tipped ; tiie 

 winged rhachis not wider than tlie divisions : heads few or solitary, 2 iuclies liigh: involucre 

 glabrate ; the bracts rather small, viscid down the back, tipped witli small short prickle : 

 corollas ochroleucous. — Torr. in A. Eaton, Man. ed. 5, 180; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. x. 42. 



"" Cirslum Pitcheri, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 456. — Sand-banks on the shores of the Great Lakes 

 from the head of Lake Michigan northwestward, and in Dakota, S tickle i/ ; first coll. by 

 I)r. Pitcher. 



== = Leaves from undivided to pinnately parted, the lobes lanceolate or broader, disposed to be 

 white-tomentose above as well as below: prickle on cusp of the principal iuvolucral bracts more 

 or less rigid and pungent. 



a. Bracts of the involucre minutely scabrous-ciliolate. 

 C. Grahami, Gray. Stem 3 to 8 feet high : leaves elongated-lanceolate (larger ones a foot 

 or more long), from repaud-dentate to sinuate and pinnatifld (sometimes delicatelv, some- 

 times strongly prickly), upper face at length glabrate and green : heads 1^ to 2 inches high : 

 involucre glabrate and greenisli ; the bracts lanceolate-subulate, tipped with a short rigid 

 cusp rather than prickle, the margins at least of the principal ones minutely scabrous-ciliolate : 

 corollas crimson-red : anther-tips attenuate-subulate. — Proc. Am. Acad. xi.x. 57. C. mulu- 

 latus, var. Grahami, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. x. 43. Cirsiam Grahami, Gray, PI. Wright, ii. 

 102; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 2885. — Wet ground, Arizona, \Vn\/ht, TImrher, Lemmoii. 



b. Bracts of the involucre smooth and naked, or else tomentose on the margins. 



C. OChrocentrus, Gray. Resembles the next following species, usually taller, even to 6 

 or 8 feet high, the white tomentum mostly persistent : leaves commonly but not always 

 deeply pinnatifld and armed witli long yellowisii prickles : heads 1 or 2 inches high : princi- 

 pal bracts of the involucre broader and flatter, the viscid line on the back narrow or not 

 rarely obsolete, tipped with a prominent spreading yellowish prickle : corollas jjurple, rarely 

 white. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 57. C. vndulatus, var. ochrorentrus, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 

 X. 43."^"^ Cirsium ochrocentrum, Gray, PI. Fendl. 110. — Plains, &c., W. Texas to Colorado, the 

 eastern Sierra Nevada, and Arizona. (Adj. Mex.) 



C. undulatus, Gray, a foot or two high, persistently white-tomentose : leaves rarely pin- 

 nately parted, moderately prickly : heads commonly inch and a half liigh : principal bracts 

 of the involucre mostly thickened on the back by the broader glandular-viscid ridge, com- 

 paratively small and narrow, tipped with an evident spreading short prickle : corollas rose- 

 color, pale purple, or rarely white; its lolies ecjualling or surpassing the throat in length: 

 anther-tips attenuate-subulate. — Proc. Am. Acad. x. 42, excl. var. ochrocentnis, & var. Gra- 

 hami. Cardims imdnlatiis, Nutt. Gen. ii. 130. C. discolor, Hook. Fl.^ in part. C. Dom/IusH, 

 DC. Prodr. vi. 643, excl. habitat. Cirsiam Hookeriaimm, Hook. Loud. Jour. Bot. vi. 253, 

 not Xutt. — Plains, &c., from Lake Huron and Minnesota to Saskateliewan, west to Oregon, 

 south to Kansas and New Mexico. 



Var. canescens, Gray, 1. c, is mcroly a form with smaller heads, sometimes not 

 over an inch high, the leaves varying from ciliately spinulose-dentate to deejily iiinnatifid. — 

 Cirsimn canescens & C. hrevifolium, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 421. — Minnesota to New 

 Mexico and 8. LTtah. 



Var. megacephalus, Gray, 1. c. Stouter form, usually broader-leaved, with broad 

 heads 2 inches or more high — Minnesota and Texas (where coll. by Berlandier) to Idaho. 



C. Breweri, Gray, 1. c. Usually both very white-tomentose and tall (5 to 10 feet high) : 

 leaves mostly elongated-lanceolate, cojisjiicuously prickly : heads paniculate, sometimes very 

 numerous, subsessile, merely inch high, or when solitary inch and a half high : bracts of the 

 globular involucre much apprcssed, flrm-coriaceous, the tip externally bearing au oval or 

 oblong greenish viscid-glandular spot ; outer ones ovate to oblong, abruptly ti])ped with a 

 rather slender spreading prickle : corollas pale purple or ^vhitish, the lobes slujrter than the ^''. Jft % 

 throat : anther-tips deltoid, merely acute. — Springy soil. Sierra Nevada from Lake Tahoe fi^ 

 and Mendocino Co., California (first coll. by Anderson and Brewer), to E. Oregon, Cusick, 

 &c. Also, less white-woolly, San Juan, Monterey Co., Brewer, leading to the var. 



