404 COMPOSIT.E. Cnicus. 



"Var. Vaseyi. Perhaps a distinct species, only arachuoid-tomeutose and greenish, even 

 glabrate in age. — California, in Plumas and Sierra. Co., Lemmoyi, Mrs. Ames. A remark- 

 ably glabrate form, with involucral bracts obscurely glandular, and tipped with very short 

 prickle, growing in dry soil exposed to the sun, Tamalpais, G. R. Vaseij. Also a robust form, 

 equally glabrate and green, with the glandular spot ou the involucral bracts conspicuous 

 and narrow : in salt marshes, Suisin Bay, Greene. 



= ==== Leaves in the same species from undivided to pinnately parted, and the lobes from 

 ovate to lanceolate, upper face soon glabrate and green: involucral bracts tipped with weak 

 setiforni prickles or sometimes hardly any: anther-tips subulate, very acute: corolla fiesh- 

 colored, rarely white. 



C. altissimus, Willd. Stem branching, 3 to 10 feet high: leaves in the typical form 

 ovate-oljloiig or narrower, sometimes with merely spinulose-ciliate slightly toothed margins, 

 sometimes laciniate-cleft or sinu;\te, or lower ones deeply sinuate-pinnatifid, weakly prickly : 

 heads one and a half to two inches high: involucral bracts firm-coriaceous, aljruptly tipped 

 with a spreading setiform prickle, the short outermost ovate or oblong: roots fascicled and 

 not rarely tuberous-thickened below the middle, in the manner of Dnhlia. — Willd. Spec iii. 

 1671 ; EU. Sk. ii. 268 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. x. 42. Cardiius altissimus, L. Spec. ii. 824. 

 Cirslum altissimum, etc., Dill. Elth. i. 81, t. 69. C. altissimum & C. diversi folium, DC. Prodr. 

 vi. 640. — Borders of woods, and in open ground, common from New York to Wisconsin, 

 Florida, and Texas. 



Var. fllipendulus, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 56. Smaller, 2 or 3 feet high: 

 roots tuberiferous : leaves commonl}' deeply pinnatifid : heads few, only inch and a half high. 

 — (Jirsium filipcndnhun, Engelm. in Gray, Man. ed. 5, 273. C. Yirginiatnis, var. S ? Torr. & 

 Gray, 1. c. — Prairies and Live-oak thickets, Texas and Colorado. (Adj. ftlex.) 



Var. discolor, Gray, 1. c. Stem 2 to 6 feet high, freely branching : leaves nearly all 

 deeply pinnatifid into lanceolate lolies, or those of upper leaves linear: heads fully inch and 

 a half high.— C. discolor, Muhl. in Willd. Spec. iii. 1670; Ell. 1. c. ; Bigel. Fl. Bost. ed. 2, 

 292. Carduus discolor, Nutt., Darlingt., &c. C'irsium discolor, Spreng. Syst. iii. 373 ; DC. 

 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Borders of fields and thickets, Canada and New England to 

 Illinois and Georgia. 

 C. Virginianus, Pursh. Stem slender, 2 or 3 feet high, simple or branching : leaves 

 narrow, varying as in the preceding : heads more naked-pedunculate, only an inch long : in- 

 volucral bracts small and narrow, thinner, tapering into a very weak short spreading bristle- 

 like prickle, sometimes hardly any: flowers rose-purple. — Fl. ii. 506; Ell. 1. c. Vardims 

 Virqiniumts, L. 1. c. ; Jacq. Obs. iv. t. 99 ; Nutt. 1. c. C'irsium Virr/inianinii, Michx. Fl. ii. 90 ; 

 DC. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 437, excl. last var. C. Texanum, Buckley in Proc. Acad. 

 Philad. 1862, imperfect specimen, apparently of this species. — Pine woods and dry banks, 

 Virginia to Texas. 



•H- -H- Green or with only light and thin arachnoid tomentum, this at length mostly deciduous: 

 involucre innocuous or nearly so. Atlantic species. 



= Heads only inch high, loosely somewhat paniculate : principal bracts of the involucre con- 

 spicuouslj' viscid-glandular on the back, more or less cuspidate-tipped: stems branching, 2 to 8 

 feet high. 



C Nuttallii, Gray, 1. c. Early glabrate : stem slender, below winged by decurrence of the 

 leaves : these when young lightly arachnoid beneath and often villous with jointed hairs 

 above, deeply pinnatifid and with narrow lobes, slender-prickly: heads rather narrow: invo- 

 lucre nearly glabrous, of very small and narrow thinnish bracts, the lower ones aciculur- 

 mucronate: corollas white or pale purple. — Cardials glnber, Nutt. Gen. ii. 129 ? but if so, 

 hardly from New Jersey. Cnicus glaber, Ell. Sk. ii. 270. Cirsium Nuttallii, DC. Prodr. 

 vi. 631. — Dry ground, S. Carolina to Florida, toward the coast. Nearly related to C. 

 Viri/iuiamis. 



C. "W^rightii, Gray, 1. c. Robust and tall, with thin arachnoid wool tardily deciduous from 

 the ample (foot or more long) sinuate or pinnatifid weakly prickly leaves : heads in a naked 

 panicle, hemispherical : bracts of the involucre small ; outer ones subulate, cuspidate-tipped : 

 corollas white, or possibly flesh-color: larger pappus-bristles strongly clavellate at tip. — 

 Cirsium Wriglitii, Gray, PI. Wright, ii. 101. — Near springs, S. W. Texas aud E. Arizoua, 

 Wright. 



