424 COMPOSIT^E. Apargidium. 



225. APARG-lDIUM, Torr. & Gray. (Likeness to Apargia, a sort of 

 Dandelion.) — Fl. ii. 474; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 4o9. — Single species. 



A. boreale, Torr. «& Gray, 1. c. Glabrous and slender perennial: leaves wholly radical, 

 linear-lanceolate, entire or nearly so, thinnish : scapes at length a foot high : involucre half 

 to three-fourths inch high : corollas deep yellow, conspicuous. — Apargia /wrea/i's, Bongard, 

 Veo-. Sitch. 146. Leontodon boreale, DC. Prodr. vii. 102. Microseris horealis, Schultz Bip., 

 ex Herder in PI. Padd. iii. (4), 28. — Wet meadows and bogs, Alaskan Islands [Mertens, 

 &c.) to Mendocino Co., California. Mature akenes not yet seen. 



226. HIERACIUM, Tourn. Hawkaveed. (The Greek and Latin name, 

 from lepaf, a hawk.) — A huge European genus, and with a moderate number of 

 peculiar American species ; perennial herbs, often with toothed but never deeply 

 lobed leaves ; heads in ours from small to barely middle-sized, paniculate, rarely 

 solitary ; the flowers yellow, in one species white, produced in summer and 

 autumn, usually open through the day. — Frojlich in DC. Prodr. vii. 198; Fries, 

 Symb. Hist. Hier. (1848), & Epicrisis Hier. (18G2) ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. PI. 

 ii. 516 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 65. Sections after Fries. 



H. Kalmii, L. The original in the Linnaan herbarium is some wholly undetermined plant, 

 probably not at all from Pennsylvania, nor from America, certainly not of this genus. 



§ 1. PiLOSELLA, Fries. Livolucre not distinctly calyculate nor regularly 

 much imbricate : pappus a single series of delicate bristles : akenes oblong, trun- 

 cate : natives of the Old World. 



H. AURANxfACUM, L. Somewhat stoloniferous from the tufted rootstocks, long-hirsute and 

 above setose-hispid as well as setulose-glandular, the involucre especially with dark hairs : 

 leaves radical and near the base of the simple scape or peduncle : heads (four lines high) iu 

 a naked cymose cluster: flowers deep orange-color to flame-color: pappus whitish. — Jacq. 

 Fl. AiLstr. t. 410 ; PI. Dan. t. 1112. — Escaped from gardens to roadsides and fields iu several 

 places. New England and New York. (Nat. from Eu.) 



H. PRiEALTUM. ViLL. Glaucous, 2 feet or more high : stems scapiform, leafy only near the 

 base, and there (as also the lanceolate leaves) sparsely beset with bristly hairs : heads rather 

 numerous in an ojjen cyme: involucre about three lines high. — A form of this appears to 

 be established, along fences and field borders, near Evans Mills and Carthage, N. New York, 

 L. F. Ward. (Nat. from Eu.) 



§ 2. ArchierXcium, Fries. Involucre of the comparatively large heads 

 irregularly more or less imbricated : pappus of more copious and unequal bristles : 

 akenes columnar, truncate : chiefly natives of the Old World. 



* Stem scapiform, or only with a reaf or two above the base. 



H. MURDRUM, L. The form called H. prcecox, Schultz Bip., or nearly : leaves thin, oval or 

 oblong, obtuse, iucisel}^ dentate toward the subcordate base : scapiform stena a foot or less 

 high, bearing few or several cymose heads : involucre 4 or 5 lines high, dark-glandular. — 

 Open woodlands near Brooklyn, New York, Merrium. Also apparently in Lower Canada. 

 (Nat. from I']u.) 



H. vulgatum, Fries. Habit of the preceding, or more leafy : leaves from 'oblong to 

 broadly lanceolate, mostly acute at both ends, decurrent on the petiole : heads few, rather 

 smaller than in the foregoing. — Novit. ii. 258, Symb. Hier. 115, & Epicr. 98; Reichenb. Ic. 

 Fl. Germ. xix. t. 1526, 1527. H. sij/vnticuin. Smith (that of L. is rather H. murorum) ; Fl. 

 Dan. t. 1113; Schlecht. in Linn. x. 87. //. violle, Pursh, Fl. ii. 503, not Jacq. — Labrador, 

 Kohlmeister, &c.. Canada, on shores of the Lower St. Lawrence (Macoiin), there perhaps 

 introduced. (Greenland, Eu., N. Asia.) 

 H. ALPINUM, L., which has only a single large and dark-haired head, is iu Greenland only, 



beyond our range. 



